Table 3.

Summary of some of the CD-based sensors used in the electrochemical detection of essential biomolecules and amino acids.

Materials 2	Analyte	LOD	Linear Range/s	Ref.
β-CD/rGO	Ascorbic acid	0.067 mM	0.2–2 mM	[129]
	Dopamine	0.017 μM	0.05–50 μM
	Uric acid	0.026 μM	0.08–150 μM
3DrGO/Fe3O4/HP-β-CD	Serotonin	3.3 nM	0.01–25 μM	[204]
	Dopamine	6.7 nM	0.02–25 μM
	Ascorbic acid	3.3 μM	10–350 μM
β-CD/CQDs	Ascorbic acid	0.14 μM	4–220 μM	[205]
	Uric acid	0.01 μM	0.3–200 μM
	Trypophan	0.16 μM	5–270 μM
Au/NF/β-CD/AuNPs	Dopamine	0.6 nM	0.05–280 μM	[159]
MWCNT/β-CD	Dopamine	6.7 μM	0.01–0.08 mM	[206]
GR/CD/Pt	Cysteine	0.12 μM	0.5–170 μM	[207]
(CuO/β-CD/NF	Tyrosine	0.0082 μM	0.01–100 μM	[208]
PDA-β-CD	Glycine	0.2 μM	0.20–70 μM	[209]
	Cysteine	0.06 μM	0.06–0.2 μM
	Tyrosine	0.01 μM	0.01–0.1 μM
	Phenylalanine	0.2 μM	0.20–10 μM

² Abbreviations: carbon quantum dots (CQDs); Nafion (NF); polydopamine (PDA).