Table 3.
Physiological functions of SSAO/VAP-1 and pathological effects associated with these functions in situations where the enzyme is overexpressed. Data are summarized from [7,8,9,16,17,18,31,32,33,34,78,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104].
| Physiological Function | Pathological Effect Upon SSAO/VAP-1 Overexpression | Involvement in Pathologies |
|---|---|---|
| Oxidative deamination of primary amines of endogenous and xenobiotic origin Molecular signaling through H2O2 generation |
Toxicity of metabolic products (formaldehyde, methylglyoxal, H2O2) | Stroke AD |
| Protein cross-linking and Aβ aggregation | Diabetes | |
| Oxidative stress | Atherosclerosis | |
| AGEs generation | Congestive heart failure | |
| Inflammation | Fibrotic liver disease | |
| Pathological angiogenesis | Cancer Age-related macular degeneration |
|
| Leukocyte trafficking under inflammatory conditions | Excessive inflammatory response | MS |
| Insulinomimetic action by recruitment of GLUT4 receptors to the cell membrane | Unknown | Unknown |