Table 3.
Pre- and post-CPAP values of BMI, sleep data, vascular risk factors, as well as plasma and PBMC amino acid and PBMC glutathione.
| OSA (AHI > 15 h−1) | cHPX (Tu90% > 15.2 min) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-cPAP | Post-cPAP | Pre-cPAP | Post-cPAP | ||
| n | 15 | 15 | 12 | 12 | |
| BMI | (kg m−2) | 32.5 ± 1.3 | 32.7 ± 1.3 | 33.4 ± 1.4 | 33.7 ± 1.4 |
| CPAP | (cm H2O) | 7.80 ± 0.42 | 8.23 ± 0.41 | ||
| AHI | (h−1) | 47.9 ± 7.5 | 3.5 ± 1.4 §§§ | 52.1 ± 6.9 | 5.1 ± 1.6 §§§ |
| Tu90% | (min) | 73.0 ± 21.9 | 0.0 ± 0.0 §§ | 89.8 ± 25.1 | 0.0 ± 0.0 §§ |
| Heart rate (at rest) | (min−1) | 69.6 ± 2.5 | 65.4 ± 2.3 | 69.3 ± 3.0 | 63.8 ± 2.6 |
| BP systolic | (mmHg) | 148.0 ± 3.8 | 143.3 ± 2.6 | 150.8 ± 3.2 | 145.2 ± 3.0 § |
| BP diastolic | (mmHg) | 93.8 ± 2.5 | 89.9 ± 2.0 | 94.9 ± 2.4 | 91.3 ± 2.4 § |
| carotid IMT | (mm) | 0.68 ± 0.03 | 0.71 ± 0.04 | 0.69 ± 0.03 | 0.73 ± 0.04 |
| HbA1c | (%) | 5.78 ± 0.12 | 5.74 ± 0.12 | 5.79 ± 0.13 | 5.75 ± 0.12 |
| Glucose (fasted) | (mg 100 mL−1) | 102.3 ± 3.3 | 100.0 ± 3.3 | 103.4 ± 3.2 | 101.7 ± 4.0 |
| Insulin (fasted) | (µU mL−1) | 17.2 ± 3.2 | 13.1 ± 1.6 | 15.1 ± 2.3 | 13.0 ± 1.6 |
| HOMA-IR | (---) | 4.44 ± 0.93 | 3.21 ± 0.39 | 3.82 ± 0.54 | 3.22 ± 0.41 |
| HDL | (mg 100 mL−1) | 45.1 ± 2.6 | 47.4 ± 1.8 | 42.5 ± 2.4 | 45.2 ± 1.5 |
| LDL | (mg 100 mL−1) | 148.9 ± 12.2 | 148.6 ± 11.5 | 153.2 ± 14.7 | 151.3 ± 13.7 |
| Total cholesterol | (mg 100 mL−1) | 214.5 ± 11.5 | 216.5 ± 11.8 | 215.7 ± 13.9 | 215.0 ± 13.6 |
| Triglycerides | (mg 100 mL−1) | 148.0 ± 25.0 | 156.0 ± 27.2 | 143.1 ± 28.3 | 142.2 ± 23.8 |
| Homocysteine | (µmol L−1) | 8.50 ± 0.53 | 8.77 ± 0.45 | 8.65 ± 0.68 | 8.78 ± 0.52 |
| TNF | (pg mL−1) | 6.94 ± 0.35 | 7.12 ± 0.35 | 7.01 ± 0.44 | 7.24 ± 0.41 |
| cystine (plasma) | (µmol L−1) | 57.9 ± 3.0 | 49.8 ± 2.8 | 60.8 ± 2.7 | 48.1 ± 3.1 §§ |
| cystine (PBMC) | (nmol mg−1) | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. |
| glutamate (plasma) | (µmol L−1) | 65.1 ± 5.1 | 50.1 ± 4.6 § | 69.3 ± 5.8 | 49.3 ± 5.1 §§ |
| glutamate (PBMC) | (nmol mg−1) | 161.1 ± 13.6 | 144.7 ± 11.9 | 166.2 ± 16.3 | 137.9 ± 12.7 |
| glycine (plasma) | (µmol L−1) | 154.0 ± 9.1 | 134.1 ± 7.0 § | 159.7 ± 5.9 | 138.8 ± 7.6 § |
| glycine (PBMC) | (nmol mg−1) | 19.7 ± 1.6 | 17.2 ± 1.3 | 20.3 ± 2.0 | 16.5 ± 1.3 |
| Total GSH | (nmol mg−1) | 75.28 | 58.05 | ||
| Reduced GSH | (nmol mg−1) | 67.43 | 51.81 | ||
| GSSG | (nmol mg−1) | 7.86 | 6.25 | ||
| Red. GSH/GSSG | (ratio) | 8.56 | 8.37 | ||
Data represent mean ± SEM for a subgroup of OSA patients (AHI > 15 h−1) and the explorative cHPX subgroup (time at O2-saturation < 90% (Tu90%) > 15.2 min). Data on glutathione measurements were pooled for OSA patients. § p < 0.05, §§ p < 0.01, §§§ p < 0.001 by paired t-test comparing post- vs. pre-CPAP values.