Table 1.
Case-Cohort Control Study Socioeconomic Characteristics, Smoking Status BMI, and Cancer Type Among UK Biobank Incident Cancer Patients at Baseline on 16 March 2020 (N = 18,917, 89 cases).
| Characteristics | Tested Positive (Cases) N (%) | Entire Cohort (Controls) N (%) |
p-Values |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 0.177 * | ||
| Median (interquartile range) | 74 (68–78) | 73 (67–77) | |
| Quintiles of Deprivation | 0.013 | ||
| 1st quintile (most affluent) | 8 (9.0) | 3604 (19.1) | |
| 2nd quintile | 16 (18.0) | 3682 (19.5) | |
| 3rd quintile | 18 (20.2) | 3659 (19.3) | |
| 4th quintile | 15 (16.9) | 3863 (20.4) | |
| 5th quintile (most deprived) | 31 (34.8) | 4090 (21.6) | |
| Sex | 0.518 | ||
| Female | 42 (47.2) | 9577 50.6) | |
| Male | 47 (52.8) | 9340 (49.4) | |
| Ethnicity | 0.031 | ||
| White | 81 (91.0) | 18,075 (95.6) | |
| Asian | 2 (2.3) | 284 (1.5) | |
| Black | 4 (4.5) | 234 (1.2) | |
| Others | 2 (2.3) | 220 (1.2) | |
| Marital status | 0.726 | ||
| With a partner | 68 (76.4) | 14,048 (74.3) | |
| Without a partner | 5 (5.6) | 1215 (6.4) | |
| Employment | 0.031 | ||
| Employed or self-employed | 33 (37.1) | 9240 (48.8) | |
| Retired | 42 (47.2) | 8197 (43.3) | |
| Unemployed/unpaid | 11 (12.4) | 1283 (6.8) | |
| Smoking status | 0.022 | ||
| Current smoker | 12 (13.5) | 1767 (9.3) | |
| Ex-smoker | 43 (48.3) | 7251 (38.3) | |
| Non-smoker | 33 (37.1) | 9772 (51.7) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.001 * | ||
| Median (interquartile range) | 28.6 (26.1–31.9) | 27.0 (24.5–30.1) | |
| Categorical BMI | 0.026 | ||
| <18.5 | 0 (0.0) | 64 (0.3) | |
| 18.5–24.9 | 16 (18.0) | 5557 (29.4) | |
| 25.0–29.9 | 38 (42.7) | 8412 (44.5) | |
| ≥30 | 33 (37.1) | 4795 (25.4) | |
| Malignancy types | 0.069 | ||
| Haematological cancers | 12 (0.8) | 1518 (99.2) | |
| Non-haematological cancers | 74 (0.5) | 15,975 (99.5) | |
| Skin melanoma and others | 3 (0.2) | 1424 (99.8) | |
| Years of cancer diagnosis | 0.052 | ||
| Within 5 years of diagnosis | 21 (23.6) | 3027 (16.0) | |
| Beyond 5 years of diagnosis | 68 (76.4) | 15,883 (84.0) | |
| Total numbers | 89 (0.5) | 18,917 (100.0) | |
| Missing values | |||
| Quintiles of deprivation | 1 (1.1) | 19 (0.1) | |
| Ethnicity | 0 (0.0) | 104 (0.6) | |
| Marital status | 16 (18.0) | 3654 (19.3) | |
| Employment | 3 (3.4) | 197 (1.0) | |
| Smoking | 1 (1.1) | 127 (0.7) | |
| BMI | 2 (2.2) | 89 (0.5) | |
| Years of cancer diagnosis | 0 (0.0) | 7 (0.0) |
* Kruskal-Wallis rank test. BMI: Body Mass Index in kg/m2.