Table 1.
Relevant gene expressions and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to HDL homeostasis in CRC.
| Sources | Gene Expression/SNP Findings | Possible Clinical Significance |
|---|---|---|
| Hlavata et al. [133] | Decreased ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and ABCG1 mRNA levels in CRC tumor tissue No differences in ABCG5 and ABCG8 transcript levels between tumor and control tissues Decrease in ABCG5 and ABCG8 transcript levels from colon to rectum |
Assumed prognostic potential of ABC transporters |
| Aguirre-Portolés et al. [65] | Increased ABCA1 gene expression in advanced stages of CRC | Marker of CRC invasiveness and overall survival |
| Vargas et al. [135] Fernández et al. [136] |
Increased ABCA1 gene expression in a prognostic fingerprint (ColoLipidGene signature), primarily used for stage II of CRC and later extended to all stages of CRC Non-synonymous ABCA1 polymorphism (rs2230808) association with ABCA1 mRNA levels |
Prognostic marker (emphasized as the main carrier of ColoLipidGene signature potential) |
| Namba et al. [137] | Increased ABCG1 gene expression in aggregative metastatic colon cancer cells Decreased viability of tumoroids caused by ABCG1 depletion |
Possible therapeutic target Prognostic marker for patients with CRC |
| Po et al. [132] | Increased ABCG1 gene expression in CRC tissue Increased ABCG1 expression related to worse disease prognosis |
Prognostic biomarker |
| Bi et al. [139] | MicroRNA (miR)-183 downregulating ABCA1 gene and protein expression in colon cancer cells Silencing of ABCA1 gene increasing proliferating capacity and inhibiting tumor cells’ apoptosis |
ABCA1 singled out as a tumor-suppressive gene in colon cancer miR-183 named as a possible predictive biomarker of advanced aggressive forms of CRC |
| Hostettler et al. [145] | Poor survival time obtained in patients with ABCG5-positive tumor buds | Prognostic biomarker |
| Shahzad et al. [150] | Increased expression of scavenger receptor class B, type 1 (SR-B1) in breast, colorectal, pancreatic, and ovarian cancer cell lines | SR-B1 representing potential therapeutic targets for delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based therapeutic HDL’s payloads |
| Sharma et al. [151] | Inconsistent results regarding low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), SCARB1, and ABCA1 mRNA levels between experimental and in silico analysis of colorectal tissue and adjacent/normal mucosa TCGA cohort: increased LDLR and SCARB1 expression but downregulated ABCA1 |
Evaluation of diagnostic and prognostic potential of biomarkers included in total cholesterol homeostasis |