Table 4.

Summary of NMR interaction studies between porphyrins and surfactant micelles.

Porphyrin (Guest)	Macromolecule (Host)	NMR Technique	Result	Ref
TPPS4 Zn(II)TPPS4 Cu(II)TPPS4 VO2+TPPS4	CTAB SDS TX-100	1H NMR chem. shift perturbation of host 1H NMR spectral appearance of guest	Encapsulation in hydrophobic core of CTAB and TX-100 micelles Disaggregation in CTAB, TX-100 SDS promotes aggregation, no insertion	[175]
TPPS4	CTAC HPS LPC	1H NMR chem. shift perturbation of host 1H NMR spectral appearance of guest 1D NOE spectroscopy 1H T1 relaxation times	CTAC and HPS micelles: TPPS4 localizes in the hydrophobic core Reduced molecular mobility of TPPS4 LPC micelles: TPPS4 intercalates involving the polar head region Fast exchange between free and bound states	[207]
TPPS4 Fe(III)TPPS4 Zn(II)TPPS4	CTAC LPC	1H NMR chem. shift perturbation of host; pH dependence 1H NMR spectral appearance of guest 1H T1 relaxation time	TPPS4, Zn(II)-, Fe(III)TPPS4: Incorporate into CTAC and LPC micelles in the core region pH-dependent aggregation of Fe(III)TPPS4 in micelles	[208]
TMPyP Zn(II)TMPyP Cu(II)TMPyP VO2+TMPyP	CTAB SDS TX-100	1H NMR chem. shift perturbation of host 1H NMR spectral appearance of guest	All solubilized by SDS micelles but not by CTAB and TX-100 Monomerization in SDS	[209]
Pt(Cy2dim)Me]4(TpyP) a	SDS TX-100	1H NMR chem. shift perturbation of host	Location in hydrophobic region of SDS micelles; Low solubility in TX-100	[210]
p-(OH)-phenyl-TPP p-(COOH)-phenyl-TPP p-(NH2)-phenyl-TPP p-(NO2)-phenyl-TPP	TTAB SDS TX-100	1H NMR chem. shift perturbation of host 1H NMR chem. shift titration with guest 1H NMR spectral appearance of guest	Insertion inhibited by electrostatic repulsion p-(NO2)-TPP not inserted in any micelles p-(OH)-phenyl-TPP inserted in all micelles most efficiently	[211]
TPPS4	CTAB	1H NMR spectral appearance of guest 1H NMR chem. shift titration with host	Below cmc: Premicellar aggregates Above cmc: Micellar insertion and monomerization	[212]
TPPOC3Py	SDS	1H NMR chem. shift perturbation of host	Below cmc: Premicellar aggregates Above cmc: Intercalation among SDS chains, monomerization	[213]
Fe(III)TPPS4 Zn(II)TPPS4,	CTAC HPS Brij-35 TX-100	1H NMR chem. shift perturbation of host 1H NMR spectral appearance of guest	Fe(III)TPPS4, Zn(II)TPPS4, embedded in hydrophobic core of the micelles	[214]
Co(III)TPPS4(imidazole)2	CTAB	1D selective NOE spectroscopy	Closer location near the CTAB micellar core	[215]
Sn(IV)TPPS4(OH)2 Sn(IV)TPPS4(Met)2 Sn(IV)TPPS4(Tyr)2	CTAB	1D selective NOE spectroscopy	Closer location near the CTAB micellar core	[216]
Ce6, Ce4 Ce6 derivatives DPIX, PPIX, HPIX and derivatives	DHPC	1H NMR spectral appearance of guest	Chlorin derivatives: Monomerized in DHPC micelles Porphyrin derivatives: Only weak interactions, no disaggregation	[84]

^a Cy₂dim: dicyclohexyldiimine.