Table 1.

Axl in resistance in cancer treatment.

Cancer Type	Drug (s)	Drug Target (s)	Model (Human, Animal, Cell Line)	Refs.
NSCLC	Erlotinib, Gefitinib	EGFR	Human	[57]
	Cetuximab	EGFR	Cell line	[19]
	Osimertinib	EGFR	Cell line	[58]
	Crizotinib	ALK, c-Met	Cell line	[59]
	Cisplatin	Interferes with DNA damage repair mechanism	Cell line	[60]
	Doxorubicin	Inhibition of DNA topoisomerase II activity	Cell line	[60]
	Etoposide	Inhibition of DNA topoisomerase II activity	Cell line	[60]
	Paclitaxel	Microtubule polymer stabilizer	Cell line	[61]
	Vincristine	Binds to tubulin and inhibits the formation of microtubules	Cell line	[61]
EGFR-mutant NSCLC	Erlotinib	EGFR	Mouse, cell line	[62]
Prostate	Docetaxel	Inhibitor of depolymerisation of microtubules	Cell line	[63]
Breast	Lapatinib	EGFR, HER2	Cell line	[64]
	Erlotinib	EGFR	Cell line	[31]
	AZD8931 (Sapitinib)	EGFR, HER2, HER3	Cell line	[65]
	Fluorouracil	Inhibits DNA/RNA replication	Cell line	[66]
	Paclitaxel	Tubulin Inhibitor (Microtubule polymer stabilizer)	Cell line	[67]
Liver	Erlotinib, Gefitinib	EGFR	Cell line	[68]
	Sorafenib	Raf-1, B-Raf, VEGFR, PDGFR, Flt-3 and c-KIT	Cell line	[69]
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma	Cetuximab	EGFR	PDX	[19]
	Erlotinib, Gefitinib	EGFR	Cell line	[70]
	BYL719	PI3Kα	Cell line	[71]
	Cisplatin, Carboplatin	Interferes with DNA damage repair mechanism	Cell line	[72]
ESCC	Lapatinib	EGFR, HER2	Cell line	[73]
Gastrointestinal stromal tumour	Imatinib mesylate	v-Abl, c-KIT, PDGFR	Cell line	[74]
Neuroblastoma	TAE684, LDK378	ALK	Cell line	[75]
Rhabdomyosarcoma	MAB391	IGF-IR	Cell line	[76]
Acute myeloid leukaemia	PKC412	PKCα/β/γ, Syk, Flk-1, AKT, PKA, c-Kit, c-Fgr, c-Src, FLT3, PDFRβ, and VEGFR1/2	Cell line	[77]
	AC220	FLT3	Cell line	[77]
	Doxorubicin plus cytosine arabinoside	Inhibition of DNA topoisomerase II activity and synthesis of DNA	Human, Cell line	[53]
	Cisplatin	Interferes with DNA damage repair mechanism	Cell line	[53]

Abbreviations: ALK, Anaplastic lymphoma kinase; c-Met, hepatocyte growth factor receptor; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; ESCC, oesophageal squamous-cell carcinomas; FLT3, fms-like tyrosine kinase 3; HER2, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; HER3, human epidermal growth factor receptor 3; IGF-1R, insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor; NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; PDGFR, platelet-derived growth factor receptor; PDX, patient-derived xenograft models; PI3Kα, phosphoinositide 3-kinase alpha; VEGFR, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor.