Table 3.
Factors related to COVID-19 vaccine willingness among pregnant and breastfeeding women.
| Characteristic | Pregnant Women | Breastfeeding Women | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR * (95% CI) | aOR ** (95% CI) | OR * (95% CI) | aOR *** (95% CI) | |
| Country | ||||
| Belgium | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Ireland | 0.29 (0.24–0.35) | 0.33 (0.27–0.40) | 0.54 (0.46–0.63) | 0.60 (0.49–0.74) |
| Norway | 0.35 (0.30–0.40) | 0.35 (0.30–0.41) | 0.55 (0.48–0.63) | 0.54 (0.47–0.63) |
| Switzerland | 0.12 (0.10–0.15) | 0.15 (0.11–0.19) | 0.17 (0.14–0.19) | 0.20 (0.17–0.25) |
| The Netherlands | 0.27 (0.23–0.31) | 0.29 (0.25–0.34) | 0.40 (0.35–0.46) | 0.42 (0.36–0.49) |
| United Kingdom | 0.33 (0.23–0.48) | 0.32 (0.21–0.49) | 1.04 (0.60–1.80) | 1.16 (0.60–2.26) |
| Maternal age (years) | ||||
| 18–25 | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| 26–30 | 1.41 (1.13–1.76) | 0.94 (0.73–1.20) | 1.51 (1.17–1.96) | 1.15 (0.84–1.57) |
| 31–35 | 1.47 (1.18–1.83) | 1.05 (0.81–1.35) | 1.60 (1.24–2.06) | 1.27 (0.93–1.73) |
| 36–40 | 1.21 (0.95–1.55) | 1.05 (0.79–1.40) | 1.60 (1.22–2.10) | 1.44 (1.04–2.01) |
| >40 | 0.89 (0.56–1.41) | 0.76 (0.45–1.28) | 1.27 (0.89–1.82) | 1.23 (0.79–1.89) |
| Professional status | ||||
| Active, but not in healthcare | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Active in healthcare | 0.90 (0.80–1.01) | 0.84 (0.74–0.95) | 0.95 (0.85–1.05) | 0.91 (0.81–1.03) |
| Not professionally active | 0.55 (0.45–0.67) | 0.71 (0.57–0.89) | 0.51 (0.44–0.60) | 0.69 (0.57–0.82) |
| Highest education level | ||||
| Low | 0.26 (0.19–0.35) | 0.58 (0.41–0.81) | 0.23 (0.18–0.28) | 0.54 (0.41–0.73) |
| Medium | 0.57 (0.50–0.64) | 0.71 (0.62–0.83) | 0.60 (0.54–0.68) | 0.68 (0.59–0.78) |
| High | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Chronic illness | ||||
| Yes | 0.99 (0.83–1.18) | N/A | 1.25 (1.05–1.49) | N/A |
| Gravidity | ||||
| Primigravida | 1.15 (1.04–1.27) | 1.16 (1.03–1.31) | N/A | N/A |
| Current breastfeeding duration | ||||
| ≤6 weeks | N/A | N/A | 1.84 (1.58–2.13) | 1.73 (1.46–2.05) |
| Between 6 weeks–6 months | N/A | N/A | 1.29 (1.16–1.44) | 1.40 (1.24–1.58) |
| >6 months | N/A | N/A | Ref | Ref |
| Previous breastfeeding experience | ||||
| Yes | N/A | N/A | 0.90 (0.82–0.98) | 0.92 (0.82–1.04) |
N/A = not available; * OR = crude odds ratio; ** aOR = adjusted odds ratio, adjusted for country, maternal age, professional status, highest education level and gravidity. *** aOR adjusted for country, maternal age, professional status, highest education level, current breastfeeding duration and previous breastfeeding experience. The bold numbers indicate aORs not including 1. Only significant variables were included in the adjusted models and are shown in the table. Information on “chronic illness” was not available for Belgian respondents and was therefore not included in the adjusted models. Reference groups for the variables “chronic illness”, “gravidity” and “previous breastfeeding experience” were no chronic illness, multigravida and no previous breastfeeding experience, respectively.