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. 2021 Mar 25;22(7):3367. doi: 10.3390/ijms22073367

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Evaluation of the p65 pathway in cellular senescence and proinflammatory activation; qPCR to determine the mRNA p65 expression in (A) DNA damage-induced senescence (DDIS), (B) therapy-induced senescence (TIS) and (C) proinflammatory activation (PA) in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Data represent the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. Nonparametric Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was used to calculate the significance, and it was represented as p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 (D) levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and (E) interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the conditioned medium from senescent cells (DDIS and TIS) and proinflammatory-activated MSCs. Data shows the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. Nonparametric Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was used to calculate the significance, and it was represented as p < 0.05 and p < 0.01. A.U: arbitrary units, NON-Se: proliferative or nonsenescent MSCs, Se: senescent (DDIS or TIS) MSCs, DMSO: MSCs treated with DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) and TNF-α: MSCs treated with tumor necrosis factor alpha.

Inline graphic — Evaluation of the p65 pathway in cellular senescence and proinflammatory activation; qPCR to determine the mRNA p65 expression in (A) DNA damage-induced senescence (DDIS), (B) therapy-induced senescence (TIS) and (C) proinflammatory activation (PA) in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Data represent the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. Nonparametric Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was used to calculate the significance, and it was represented as p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 (D) levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and (E) interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the conditioned medium from senescent cells (DDIS and TIS) and proinflammatory-activated MSCs. Data shows the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. Nonparametric Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was used to calculate the significance, and it was represented as p < 0.05 and p < 0.01. A.U: arbitrary units, NON-Se: proliferative or nonsenescent MSCs, Se: senescent (DDIS or TIS) MSCs, DMSO: MSCs treated with DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) and TNF-α: MSCs treated with tumor necrosis factor alpha.