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. 2021 Apr 3;22(7):3750. doi: 10.3390/ijms22073750

Figure 2.

Figure 2

UPR inducible Transcription Factors, ATF4 and Xbp-1(s) are up-regulated in A549 cells infected with ZIKV. (a) Cells were infected with ZIKV at MOI = 5 for 24 h or treated with TG for 4 h. Cells were immunostained for ZIKV envelope (ZIKV-E, red) and ATF4 protein (green). Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). (b) RT-PCR of total Xbp-1 (spliced and unspliced) was performed in A549 cells infected with ZIKV at MOI 1, 5 or 10 for 24 h and 5 and 10 for 48 h post infection. Products were migrated on 2.0% agarose gel and compared to the one obtained in mock-infected cells and in cells treated with TG, the ER stress/UPR pharmacological inducer. (c) qRT-PCR analysis of Xbp-1(s) mRNA was performed in A549 cells infected or not with ZIKV at MOI 10 for different times as indicated. Our positive control cells have been treated with TG for 6 h. Data were presented as mean SEM (n = 3). *** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.01, vs. mock.