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. 2021 Apr 6;22(7):3776. doi: 10.3390/ijms22073776

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Antibody-inducing activity of mammalian GSLs. (A) Chemical structures of GSLs used for immunization experiments. GM3 containing C18:0 stearic acid (GM3-C18) was prepared by chemical synthesis to be a uniform structure. Bovine milk-derived GM3 (GM3-BM) and human erythrocyte-derived Gb4Cer (Gb4Cer-HE) predominantly contain very-long-chain fatty acids with 22–24 carbons. (B) Reactivity of mice serum IgMs against immunizing GSL. Mice were immunized with each GSL, and serum samples were prepared 7 days after immunization, as described previously [15]. Reactivity of serum antibodies against immunizing GSLs was analyzed by ELISA (A450). Abbreviations; BG, serum from untreated mice; D7, serum prepared from mice immunized with each GSL 7 days after immunization. Diamonds indicate individual mouse serum samples (n = 6–11). Solid lines indicate average reactivity of serum samples. Values include previously reported data [10].