Figure 9.
The HO-1 induced by ginsenosides in HPDL cells stimulated with PG-LPS regulates pro-inflammatory cytokines. HPDL cells (1 × 106 cells/mL) were cultured for 24 h and then treated with or without protoporphyrin IX (SnPP) and ginsenoside-Re (A), -Ra8 (B), and -Rf (C) at the indicated concentrations (5–40 μM) for 6 h. Thereafter, PG-LPS (1 μg/mL) was treated for 24 h, and the expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were analyzed using an ELISA kit. * p < 0.05 was considered significant for the PG-LPS treated groups. # p < 0.05 was considered significant between each ginsenoside+ PG-LPS-treated group.