Figure 7.

TMZ/RT and DCA/Rano induce autophagy in GBM cell lines. (A) Representative Luminex® histograms (Luminex Corp., Austin, TX, USA) of LC3 fluorescent intensity in Unt (blue) and treatment (red). (B) Column graphs show mean ± SEM from four independent experiments as in (A). ^ap < 0.05 vs. Unt; ^bp < 0.05 vs. TMZ; ^cp < 0.05 vs. DCA; ^dp < 0.05 vs. Rano; ^ep < 0.05 vs. TMZ/RT; and ^fp < 0.05 vs. All-combined treatments were determined by the Kruskal–Wallis test along with the Dunn's multiple comparison test. (C) Western blot immunoblot (top) and densitometric analysis (bottom) of the expression of p62, LC3-II, and β-actin in GBM cell lines following treatment as indicated (N = 5). The protein expression was normalized to reference protein β-actin expression.