Table 3.

Association of Portal Use With Patient CKD Knowledge

	Variable	β Estimate	Lower Limit of 95% CI	Upper Limit of 95% CI	P
Univariable model	Portal use (yes compared to no)	4.89	0.74	9.04	0.02
Multivariable model	Portal use (yes compared to no)	2.06	−2.47	6.59	0.37
	Age (y)	−0.13	−0.26	0.01	0.07
	Sex (compared to female)
	Male	−2.44	−6.44	1.55	0.23
	Race (compared to White)
	African American	1.53	−4.29	7.35	0.6
	Other	1.99	−5.77	9.74	0.61
	Education (compared to ≥HS graduate)
	<HS graduate	−7.38	−20.54	5.78	0.27
	Income (compared to ≥$50,000)
	<$25,000	−1.4	−6.94	4.15	0.62
	$25,000-<$50,000	−4.28	−9.38	0.82	0.1
	Stage (compared to stage 3)
	Stage 1-2	0.48	−6.4	7.36	0.89
	Stage 4-5	4.67	0.34	9.01	0.03

Note: Linear regression model of univariable and multivariable associations between patient-reported outcomes, portal use, and patient demographics. All models exclude patients who responded “I don’t know” or who did not respond to the portal use question.

Abbreviations: CKD, chronic kidney disease; HS, high school.