Table 1. Association between individual categorical and continuous variables with positive surgical margins.
| Variables | Population (n=497) | Surgical margin | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Negative (n=230; 46.3%) | Positive (n=267; 53.7%) | |||
| Age, years, median (IQR) | 68 [63–73] | 68 [63–72] | 67 [63–73] | 0.904 |
| BMI, kg/m2, median (IQR) | 25.14 (23.5–27) | 24.97 (23.53–26.83) | 25.2 (23.38–27.16) | 0.442 |
| Diabetes, (%) | 0.238 | |||
| Absent | 420 (84.5) | 191 (83.0) | 229 (85.8) | |
| Present | 77 (15.5) | 39 (17.0) | 38 (14.2) | |
| Hypertension, (%) | 0.503 | |||
| Absent | 254 (51.1) | 118 (51.3) | 136 (50.9) | |
| Present | 243 (48.9) | 112 (48.7) | 131 (49.1) | |
| Coronary heart disease, no. (%) | 0.458 | |||
| Absent | 402 (80.9) | 187 (81.3) | 215 (80.5) | |
| Present | 95 (19.1) | 43 (18.7) | 52 (19.5) | |
| PSA, (%) | <0.001* | |||
| <20 ng/mL | 314 (63.2) | 179 (77.8) | 135 (50.6) | |
| ≥20 ng/mL | 183 (36.8) | 51 (22.2) | 132 (49.4) | |
| Serum albumin, g/L, median (IQR) | 44.7 (41.7–47.2) | 44.56 (42–47.05) | 44.8 (41.4–47.5) | 0.795 |
| Serum neutrophil, 109/L, median (IQR) | 3.6 (2.98–4.42) | 3.58 (2.98–4.4) | 3.6 (2.99–4.46) | 0.896 |
| Serum lymphocyte,109/L, median (IQR) | 1.79 (1.44–2.27) | 1.78 (1.37–2.26) | 1.79 (1.47–2.27) | 0.132 |
| Serum monocyte, 109/L, median (IQR) | 0.37 (0.31–0.45) | 0.38 (0.3–0.45) | 0.37 (0.31–0.46) | 0.828 |
| Serum platelet, 109/L, median (IQR) | 202 [171–240] | 203.5 (170.5–243.5) | 201 [172–239] | 0.768 |
| NLR, median (IQR) | 2 (1.53–2.7) | 2.05 (1.54–2.83) | 1.94 (1.51–2.6) | 0.437 |
| PLR, median (IQR) | 113 (89.81–147.01) | 118.4 (90.87–157.25) | 109.5 (89.45–138.82) | 0.111 |
| LMR, median (IQR) | 4.8 (3.86–5.97) | 4.54 (3.78–5.58) | 5 (4.02–6.08) | 0.072 |
| Prognostic nutritional index, median (IQR) | 53.85 (50.45–57.13) | 53.4 (50.34–56.95) | 53.59 (50.5–57.35) | 0.461 |
| Biopsy Gleason sum, n (%) | <0.001* | |||
| <8 | 292 (58.8) | 155 (67.4) | 137 (51.3) | |
| ≥8 | 205 (41.2) | 75 (32.6) | 130 (48.7) | |
| Perineural invasion, n (%) | <0.001* | |||
| Absent | 375 (75.5) | 197 (85.7) | 178 (66.7) | |
| Present | 122 (24.5) | 33 (14.3) | 89 (33.3) | |
| SVI, n (%) | <0.001* | |||
| Absent | 414 (83.3) | 211 (91.7) | 203 (76.4) | |
| Surgical approach, n (%) | ||||
| ORP | 28 (5.6) | 14 (50.0) | 14 (50.0) | 0.415 |
| LRP | 469 (94.4) | 216 (46.1) | 253 (53.9) | |
| Present | 83 (16.7) | 19 (8.3) | 64 (23.6) | |
| Pathologic stage | ||||
| Organ confined: pT1/pT2, no. (%) | 211 (42.4) | 211 (91.7) | 0 | |
| Non-organ confined: pT3a, no. (%) | 200 (40.2) | 0 | 200 (74.9) | |
| Non-organ confined: pT3b, no. (%) | 78 (15.7) | 19 (8.3) | 59 (22.1) | |
| Non-organ confined: pT4, no. (%) | 8 (1.7) | 0 | 8 (4) | |
| Pathologic Gleason sum, no. (%) | <0.001* | |||
| <8 | 308 (62.0) | 176 (76.5) | 132 (49.4) | |
| ≥8 | 189 (38.0) | 54 (23.5) | 135 (50.6) | |
| Location of PSM, no. (%) | ||||
| Any | 267 (53.7) | 267 (100.0) | ||
| Apical | 185 (37.2) | 185 (69.3) | ||
| Peripheral | 116 (23.3) | 116 (23.3) | ||
| Proximal | 92 (18.5) | 92 (34.5) | ||
| Number of PSM, no. (%) | ||||
| Focal positive (single) | 158 (31.8) | 158 (59.2) | ||
| Multifocal positive (more than 1) | 109 (21.9) | 109 (40.8) | ||
*, statistically significant. BMI, body mass index; PSA, prostate specific antigen; NLR, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio; PLR, platelets to lymphocyte ratio; LMR, lymphocyteto monocyte ratio; SVI, seminal vesicle invasion; ORP, open radical prostatectomy.