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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Med. 2020 Apr 19;133(10):e554–e567. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2020.03.038

Table 2.

Hazard ratios for stroke, severe bleeding, and heart failure per increase of one additional condition by comorbidity group, MarketScan 2007–2015.

Cardiometabolic conditions* Non- Cardiometabolic conditions**
HR (95% CI) HR (95% CI)
Ischemic stroke and systemic embolism
 Model 1 1.10 (1.08, 1.12) 0.93 (0.91, 0.96)
 Model 2†† 1.09 (1.07, 1.11) 0.92 (0.90, 0.94)
 Model 3 1.07 (1.05, 1.10) 0.93 (0.90, 0.95)
Severe bleeding
 Model 1 1.13 (1.12, 1.14) 1.07 (1.05, 1.09)
 Model 2†† 1.12 (1.11, 1.13) 1.06 (1.04, 1.08)
 Model 3 1.09 (1.07, 1.11) 1.04 (1.02, 1.06)
Heart failure
 Model 1 1.30 (1.29, 1.31) 1.03 (1.02, 1.04)
 Model 2†† 1.30 (1.29, 1.32) 1.03 (1.02, 1.05)
 Model 3 1.19 (1.18, 1.20) 1.00 (0.99, 1.02)
*

Cardiometabolic conditions: heart failure, coronary artery disease, stroke, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus.

**

Non-cardiometabolic conditions: arthritis, asthma, cancer, chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, dementia, depression, and osteoporosis.

Model 1: age, sex, number of conditions of the other type

††

Model 2: Model 1 and frailty index

Model 3: Model 2 and lipid lowering medications, calcium channel blockers, beta blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, loop diuretics, thiazides and related diuretics, other diuretics, anticoagulants, thyroid hormones, gastrointestinal drugs, cardiac drugs, antidepressant, potassium supplement, antiplatelets, antiarrhythmics, oral antidiabetics, insulin, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, eye/ear/nose/throat miscellaneous medications, adrenals medications, statins, and digoxin.