Table 1.
Mechanisms of defective T-cell priming
Mechanisms | Examples | References |
---|---|---|
Lack of tumor antigens | Lack of neoantigens | 16 |
Low mutational burden | 16, 17 | |
Insufficient antigen processing or presentation | Deletion of B2M | 24, 25 |
Deletion of TAP | 23 | |
Loss of MHC class I (Lysosomal pathway) | 26 | |
Dysfunction of DC-T cell interaction | Loss of BATF3 DCs | 32 |
Impaired DC activation (Loss of FLT3L or GM-CSF) | 35 | |
Overexpression of cosuppressive signals (CTLA-4) | 28 | |
Overexpression of STC1 | 29 |