Figure 8.

Schematic of the mechanism via which DIM mainly target SOCE to induce BGC-823 gastric cancer cells apoptosis and autophagy through Ca²⁺/AMPK/ER stress signaling pathway. DIM activate STIM1-mediated SOCE, which significantly increase intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration and subsequently leads to the activation of p-AMPK/p-ACC expression and ER stress. In ER stress, DIM mainly activate the ATF6-CHOP signaling pathway. In addition, AMPK signaling pathway is also a mediator of ER stress, which leads to apoptosis and autophagy.