Table 2.
Regulatory circRNAs and their roles in skeletal and chondral disorders.
| Disease | CircRNA | Tissue | Expression | miRNA/gene | Roles | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OA | circ-100226 | cartilage | up | miR-875/TNFα | ECM catabolism ↑ | 32 |
| OA | CDR1as | cartilage | up | miR-641/FGF2 | inflammation ↑, ECM catabolism ↑ | 49 |
| OA | circ-0005105 | cartilage | up | miR-26a/NAMPT | ECM catabolism ↑ | 50 |
| OA | circ-33186 | cartilage | up | miR-217-5p/MMP13 | cell proliferation ↓ | 51 |
| OA | circ-0136474 | cartilage | up | miR-217-5p/MMP13 | ECM catabolism ↑, apoptosis ↑ | 52 |
| OA | circ-CER | cartilage | up | miR-136/MMP13 | ECM catabolism ↑ | 53 |
| OA | circ-PSM3 | cartilage | up | miR-296-5p | cell proliferation ↓ | 54 |
| OA | circ-Atp9b | cartilage | up | miR-138-5p/TLR4 | inflammation ↑ | 55 |
| OA | circ-UBE2G1 | cartilage | up | miR-373/HIFα | inflammation ↑, apoptosis ↑ | 56 |
| OA | circ-0092516 | cartilage | up | miR-337-3p/PTEN | apoptosis ↑, cell proliferation ↓ | 57 |
| OA | circ-CDH13 | cartilage | up | miR-296-3p/PTEN | ECM catabolism ↑, apoptosis ↑ | 58 |
| OA | circ-TMBIM6 | cartilage | up | miR-27a/MMP13 | ECM catabolism ↑ | 59 |
| OA | circ-RNF121 | cartilage | up | miR-665/MYD88 | ECM catabolism ↑, apoptosis ↑, cell proliferation ↓ | 60 |
| OA | circ-VCAN | cartilage | up | NF-κB | apoptosis ↑, cell proliferation ↓ | 61 |
| OA | circ-HIPK3 | cartilage | up | miR-124/SOX8 | apoptosis ↑ | 62 |
| OA | circ-SERPINE2 | cartilage | down | miR-1271-5p/ERG | ECM anabolism ↑ | 63 |
| cartilage | down | miR-495/ TGFBR2 | apoptosis ↓ | 64 | ||
| OA | circ-CDK14 | cartilage | down | miR-125a-5p/SMAD2 | apoptosis ↓, cell proliferation ↑ | 65 |
| OA | circ-ANKRD36 | cartilage | down | miR-599/CAS21 | inflammation ↓, apoptosis ↓ | 66 |
| OA | circ-PDE4D | cartilage | down | miR-103a-3p/FGF18 | ECM catabolism ↓ | 67 |
| OA | circ-0045714 | cartilage | down | miR-1936/IGF1R | cell proliferation ↑, ECM anabolism ↑ | 68 |
| OA | circ-9119 | cartilage | down | miR-127-5p/PTEN | apoptosis ↓ | 69 |
| OA | circ-GCN1L1 | synovium | up | miR-330-3p/TNFα | inflammation ↑, ECM catabolism ↑ | 71 |
| ONFH | CDR1as | BMSCs | up | miR-7-5p/WNT5B | osteogenesis ↓, adipogenesis ↑ | 36 |
| ONFH | circ-USP45 | BMSCs | up | miR-127-5p/PTEN | osteogenesis ↓ | 80 |
| OP | circ-RUNX2 | bone | down | miR-203/RUNX2 | osteogenesis ↑ | 88 |
| OP | circ-VCNGL1 | serum | down | miR-217-5p/RUNX2 | osteogenesis ↑ | 89 |
| OP | circ-0011269 | serum | down | miR-122/RUNX2 | osteogenesis ↑ | 90 |
| OP | circ-0076906 | serum/bone | down | miR-1305/OGN | osteogenesis ↑ | 91 |
| OP | circ-0016624 | serum | down | miR-98/BMP2 | osteogenesis ↑ | 92 |
| OP | circ-0006393 | BMSCs | down | miR-145-5p/FOXO1 | osteogenesis ↑ | 93 |
| OP | circ-0048211 | BMSCs | down | miR-93-5p/BMP2 | osteogenesis ↑ | 94 |
| OP | circ-SLC8A1 | Bone | down | miR-516b-5p/APAK2 | osteogenesis ↑ | 95 |
| OP | circ-YAP1 | BMSCs | down | miR-376b-3p/YAP1 | osteogenesis ↑ | 96 |
| OP | circ-0076690 | serum | down | miR-152/RUNX2 | osteogenesis ↑ | 97 |
| OP | circ-RTN4 | exosome | down | miR-1446a/TNFα | osteogenesis ↑ | 101 |
| OP | circ-0026827 | DPSCs | down | miR-188-3p/RUNX1 | osteogenesis ↑ | 102 |
| OP | circ-FOXP1 | ADMSCs | down | miR-330-5P/FOXP1 | osteogenesis ↑ | 103 |
| OP | circ-28313 | BMM | up | miR-195a/ CSF1 | osteoclastogenesis ↑ | 104 |
| RA | CDR1as | PBMCs | up | miR-7-5p/ mTOR | inflammation ↑ | 116 |
| RA | circ-FADS2 | cartilage | down | miR-498/mTOR | apoptosis↓, inflammation ↓ | 117 |
| RA | circ-09505 | PBMCs | up | miR-6089/AKT1 | inflammation ↑ | 118 |
| RA | circ-0001859 | synovium | up | miR-204/211/ATF2 | inflammation ↑ | 119 |
| RA | circ-0088036 | synovium | up | miR-140-3p/SIRT1 | inflammation ↑ | 120 |
OA: osteoarthritis; ONFH: osteonecrosis of the femoral head; OP: osteoporosis; RA: rheumatoid arthritis.