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. 2021 Mar 5;15(3):5341–5354. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.0c10893

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Appearance of the WPI solutions after PNF growth with and without the presence of different metal ions (at 90 °C of for 24 h). The concentrations of the metal ions were 30 mM, 60 mM, and 120 mM from left to right in each picture. Solid-phase precipitate could be identified in 120 mM Al3+, 60 and 120 mM Sn4+, and all the Zr4+ concentrations.