Table 2.

Changes of the refraction in sphere, power, and axis, M, J0, and J45 before and after cycloplegia in different types of astigmatism.

Value	WTR	OBL	ATR
Sphere	0.25 ± 0.51	0.26 ± 0.63	0.24 ± 0.47
Cylinder	0.03 ± 0.33	0.08 ± 0.28	0.05 ± 0.24
Axis	2.89 ± 3.69	4.29 ± 5.17	3.59 ± 3.78
J0	−0.02 ± 0.16	0.01 ± 0.13	0.03 ± 0.11
J45	−0.009 ± 0.13	0.001 ± 0.14	0.01 ± 0.10
M	0.26 ± 0.53	0.30 ± 0.64	0.27 ± 0.48

WTR = with the rule astigmatism, OBL = oblique astigmatism, and ATR = against the rule astigmatism.