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. 2021 Apr 12;11:7937. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-87199-7

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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TNF-α stimulation increased the expression of CCL11 and CCR3 in RA FLS. (A) The secretion of CCL11 in RA FLS-conditioned medium and (B) the expression of CCL11 mRNA were increased by 50 ng/mL TNF-α stimulation in a time-dependent manner at 12, 24 and 48 h (n = 7 patients). (C) The peak expression of CCR3 mRNA induced by 50 ng/mL TNF-α stimulation was at 12 h (n = 7 patients). NS no stimulation. The data values are expressed as the mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05 was significant.