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. 2021 Apr 12;4:453. doi: 10.1038/s42003-021-01986-6

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — a vWbp-modified surfaces probed with vWF-modified tips. Representative data—one surface-tip combination—are shown. Left panel: Histograms of rupture forces (recorded on a 10 µm × 10 µm area, 16 × 16 pixels) and a cartoon illustrating the experimental setup. Right panel. Histograms of the rupture lengths and insets of three representative curves. b S. aureus ClfA⁺ cells probed with vWbp-modified AFM tips. A pause after contact step of 500 ms (contact time) was included to enhance binding frequency. Data shown are for one cell-tip combination. Left panel: Histogram plot of rupture forces. Insets show the respective adhesion map (500 × 500 nm, 32 × 32, gray scale = 0–1.5 nN, each dot represents an adhesion event) and a cartoon to illustrate the experimental setup. c Data for a ClfA⁻ cell probed with a vWbp-modified tip, with 500 ms contact time.