Table 1.
Demographic and study variables by gender.
| Variable | # Participants (%) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Male | Female | ||
| Age, mean (SD) | 23.15 (5.7) | 21.52 (3.92) | .001** |
| Diabetes knowledge score, mean, (SD) | 26.51 (7.21) | 27.97 (6.78) | .017* |
| Perceived risk of diabetes | .874 | ||
| No or low to moderate risk | 152 (90.5) | 471 (90.1) | |
| High or extremely high risk | 16 (9.5) | 52 (9.9) | |
| Knowledge of level of normal fasting blood glucosea | . 936 | ||
| <126mg/dl, <140mg/dl, <200mg/dl | 105 (65.2) | 337 (65.6) | |
| <100mg/dl | 56 (34.8) | 177 (34.4) | |
| BMIb | .016** | ||
| Underweight | 3 (1.8) | 23 (4.5) | |
| Normal | 77 (47.2) | 288 (56.7) | |
| Overweight | 60 (36.8) | 128 (25.2) | |
| Obese | 23 (14.1) | 69 (13.6) | |
| History of diabetes | .001** | ||
| Yes | 12 (7.1) | 10 (1.9) | |
| No | 156 (92.9) | 513 (98.1) | |
| Family history of diabetesc | .325 | ||
| Yes | 99 (59.3) | 289 (54.9) | |
| No | 68 (40.7) | 237 (45.1) | |
| Physical healthd | .843 | ||
| Poor and fair | 33 (19.8) | 109 (20.8) | |
| Good, | 79 (47.3) | 249 (47.4) | |
| Very good | 44 (26.3) | 142 (27.0) | |
| Excellent | 11 (6.6) | 25 (4.8) | |
| Exercise frequencye | .650 | ||
| <once/week | 34 (20.2) | 95 (18.1) | |
| 1–2 times/week | 51 (30.4) | 186 (35.4) | |
| 3–4 times/week | 57 (33.9) | 174 (33.1) | |
| 5 or more times/week | 26 (15.5) | 71 (13.5) | |
| Read food labelf | .639 | ||
| Never/sometimes | 98 (58.3) | 296 (56.3) | |
| Often/always | 70 (41.7) | 230 (43.7) | |
| Use of tobacco productsg | .013* | ||
| Yes | 34 (20.4) | 66 (12.6) | |
| No | 133 (79.6) | 459 (87.4) | |
| Alcohol consumptionh | .054 | ||
| Yes | 119 (70.8) | 410 (78.1) | |
| No | 49 (29.2) | 115 (21.9) | |
Note.
P<.05;
P<.01.
Percent of participants for knowledge on level of normal fasting blood glucose is a categorical variable where 0= <126mg/dl, <140mg/dl, <200mg/dl, 1= <100 mg/dl.
Percent of participants for BMI categorized as underweight, normal, overweight, or obese.
Percent of participants for family history of diabetes which is a categorical variable computed from reported diabetes among family members where 0= no family history and 1= family history.
Percent of participants for physical health which is a categorical variable computed from self-reported rating of the participant’s own health where 1= poor, 2= fair, 3= good, 4= very good and, 5= excellent.
Percent of participants for exercise frequency which is a categorical variable computed from self-reported frequency of physical exercise at least 30 minutes per day where 1= <once per week, 2=1–2 times/week, 3=3–4 times/week, 5=5 or more times/week.
Percent of participants for reading a food label which is a categorical variable computed from how often the participant reads food labels to identify nutrients in packaged foods where 0= never or sometimes, 1= often or always.
Percent of participants for use of tobacco products which is a categorical variable computed from self-reported information on whether the student uses any tobacco product where 0= no, 1= yes.
Percent of participants for consumption of alcohol which is a categorical variable computed from self-reported information on whether the student consumes alcohol where 0= no, 1= yes.