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. 2021 Apr 12;11:7992. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-86401-0

Table 2.

Effect of PEG and its combination with NO and ABA (nitrate agonists) on total free amino acid, proline content, and activity of ∆1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) and proline dehydrogenase (ProDH) of 7-days-old B. juncea L. roots after 96 h exposure to the treatments.

Treatments Total free amino acids (mg g−1 FW) Proline content (µmol g--1 FW) P5CS activity (nmol NADPH oxidised min−1 mg−1 protein) ProDH activity (nmol NADH formed min-1 mg−1 protein)
Control 6.9 ± 0.301d 0.329 ± 0.045e 30.4 ± 1.37d 170.0 ± 8.92a
NO 7.4 ± 0.333cd 0.317 ± 0.033e 29.5 ± 1.84d 173.6 ± 7.33a
ABA 7.0 ± 0.300d 0.321 ± 0.042e 29.1 ± 1.67d 170.7 ± 7.77a
PEG 12.7 ± 0.533a 0.452 ± 0.040a 48.8 ± 1.61a 121.3 ± 6.45e
PEG + NO 8.2 ± 0.411c 0.401 ± 0.029c 35.2 ± 1.46c 158.3 ± 7.25b
PEG + NO + ABA 8.8 ± 0.412c 0.361 ± 0.035d 39.6 ± 1.33b 150.2 ± 7.17c
PEG + ABA 9.6 ± 0.431b 0.433 ± 0.042b 41.1 ± 1.35b 139.4 ± 5.83d

Values are mean ± S.E. of three independent experiments, each including four biological replicates. Different letters represent significant difference between treatments, where “a” corresponds to the highest value and “d” or “e” to the lowest value.