Table 1.
Ongoing clinical trials of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in combination with locoregional therapies (LRT) or transarterial chemoembolization (TACE).
| ICI | LRT/TACE | N | Primary Outcome | Secondary Outcome | Identifier (Name) | Phase |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| durvalumab ± bevacizumab | TACE | 600 | PFS | OS, QoL, | NCT03778957(EMERALD-1) | III |
| pembrolizumab + lenvatinib | TACE | 950 | PFS, OS | ORR, DCR, DOR, TTP, safety | III | |
| PD-1 mAb, lenvatinib | TACE | 56 | ORR | PFS, TTP, DCR, DOR, OS |
NCT04273100 (PLTHCC) |
II |
| camrelizumab | TACE | 60 | PFS | TTP, OS, ORR, DCR, DOR, safety | NCT04483284 | II |
| durvalumab + tremelimumab | cryoablation, RFA, TACE | 50 | PFS | safety | NCT02821754 | II |
| durvalumab + tremelimumab | radiation | 70 | ORR | safety, OS, DCR, PFS, DOR, TTP | NCT03482102 | II |
| durvalumab + tremelimumab | Y-90 SIRT, TACE | 84 | ORR | PFS, OS, safety, ORR, QoL |
NCT04522544 (IMMUWIN) |
II |
| nivolumab | TACE | 49 | ORR | PFS, TTP, OS, DOR, TTFS, QoL | NCT03572582(IMMUTACE) | II |
| nivolumab | Y-90 SIRT | 40 | ORR | TTR, DOR, TTP, PFS, OS, QoL, safety | NCT03033446 | II |
| pembrolizumab | RFA, MWA, brachytherapy, TACE | 30 | ORR | TTR, RFS, OS, safety, biomarkers | NCT03753659 | II |
| nivolumab | deb-TACE | 14 | safety | - | NCT03143270 | I |
| pembrolizumab | TACE | 26 | safety | PFSR | NCT03397654 | Ib |
DCR, disease control rate; DOR, duration of response; MWA, microwave ablation; ORR, objective response rate; OS, overall survival; PD-1 mAb, programmed cell death 1 protein monoclonal antibody; PFS, progression free survival; PFSR, progression free survival rate; QoL, quality of life; RFA, radio frequency ablation; RFS, recurrence free survival; TTFS, time to failure of strategy; TTP, time to progression; TTR, time to response.