Table 4.
Oncogenic LncRNAs in PDAC listed with their functions and miR interactions.
| lncRNA | Expression in PDAC | miR Interactions in PDAC | Clinical Values | Functional Involvement | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AF339813 | up | - | D, T | cell cycle regulation and apoptotic escape | [166] |
| AFAP1-AS1 | up | miR-133a | P | cell proliferation, lymph node metastasis and perineural invasion | [154,155,162,167] |
| ANRIL | up | - | P | EMT | [168] |
| BX111 (lncRNA-BX111887) | up | - | T | hypoxia and cancer metastasis | [169] |
| CASC9 | up | - | P | cell migration and invasion | [170] |
| CCAT1 | up | - | P, T | cell proliferation, cell cycle at G0/G1 stage, migration and EMT | [171] |
| CCAT2 | up | - | D, T | cell proliferation, tumourigenesis and invasion | [172] |
| DUXAP8 | up | - | P, T | epigenetic regulation of cell proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis | [173] |
| H19 | up | miR-675, miR-194, let 7 | P, T | cell invasion and migration | [114,121,122,123,124] |
| HCP5 | up | miR-214–3p, miR-29b-3p, miR-29c-3p, miR-140–5p | P, T | cell proliferation, invasion, migration, apoptosis and autophagy | [174], [175], [176] |
| HOTAIRM1 | up | - | T | cell cycle regulation at G0/G1 phase, apoptosis and migration | [177] |
| HULC | up | miR-372, miR-15a, miR-133b, miR-622 | D, P | cell proliferation, metastasis and invasion | [126], [127], [128] |
| IRAIN | up | - | T | cell proliferation and apoptotic escape | [178] |
| Linc-ROR | up | miR-145, miR-124, Let 7 family | D, P, T | cell proliferation, migration, invasion, EMT and autophagy | [179,180,181] |
| LINC00152 | up | miR-150 | D, P, T | cell migration and invasion | [162,163,164,167] |
| LINC00976 | up | miR-137 | P | cell proliferation, migration and invasion | [182] |
| LINC01638 | up | - | D, T | migration and invasion | [183] |
| LOC389641 | up | - | D, P | cell proliferation, invasion and apoptotic escape | [184] |
| MEG8 | up | miR-34a, miR-203 | P, T | EMT | [185] |
| MIR31HG | up | miR-193b | P, T | cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, invasion and apoptotic escape | [186] |
| NEAT1 | up | miR-506–3p, miR-335–5p | D, P, T | cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, migration, invasion, metastasis and apoptotic escape | [187], [188], [189] |
| NORAD | up | miR-125a-3p | D, P, T | hypoxia induced EMT | [190] |
| NUTF2P3–001 | up | miR-3923 | P, T | hypoxia, cell proliferation and invasion | [191] |
| POU6F2-AS2 | up | - | D | unknown; implicated in other cancers | [192][193] |
| SNHG16 | up | miR-218–5p, miR-195, miR-200a-3p, miR-302b-3p | D, P, T | cell proliferation, migration, invasion and lipogenesis | [194], [195], [196], [197] |
| SNHG7 | up | miR-342–3p | T | cell proliferation, migration and invasion | [198] |
| TP53TG1 | up | miR-96 | T | cell proliferation, migration and invasion and apoptotic escape | [199] |
| TP73-AS1 | up | miR-141–3p | P, T | cell migration, invasion and metastasis | [200] |
| XIST | up | miR-133a, miR-429, miR-34a-5p, miR-141–3p, miR-137 | P, T | cell proliferation, migration, invasion, EMT and apoptotic escape | [[157], [158], [159], [160],201] |
| XLOC_006390 | up | - | P, T | glutamate metabolism and tumour progression | [202] |
| JHDM1D-AS1 | up | - | T | angiogenesis in response to nutrient starvation | [203] |
| LINC00511 | up | miR-29b-3p, miR-29c-3p | P, T | cell proliferation, invasion and tumour angiogenesis | [204], [205] |
| MALAT-1 | up | miR-216a, miR-217 | D, P, T | cell proliferation, angiogenesis, migration, invasion and EMT | [141], [142], [143], [144], [145] |
| UCA1 | up | miR-509–3p, miR-135a, miR-96–5p, miR-107, | P, T | cell proliferation, invasion, migration, metastasis, hypoxia, apoptotic escape, stemness and angiogenesis | [167,206] |
D: diagnostic biomarker, P: prognostic biomarker, T: therapeutic target.