Table 3.

Summary of the results of comparative studies about static and rocking motion cultures

	Expansion yield				Purity		Functionality changes
Author - Year	Static system (vs.)	Static folda	Reactor fold	Culture days	Static	Reactor
T cells
Tran [66] - 2007	Bags	247–1340	200–800	14	–	> 98% CD4+	Markers of cell activation increased. No detectable Treg cells produced. Cytokines are produced normally.
NK cells
Sutlu [94] - 2010	Bags	530	77	20	31% NK	38% NK; 14% NKT	Degranulation and cytotoxic activity are greater in bioreactor cultures.
Spanholtz [104] - 2011	Bags	759–1770	1435–2657	42	71 ± 9% CD56 + CD3-	92% ± 2% CD56 + CD3-	Higher expression of activating receptors in bioreactor cultures 27% degranulation in reactor vs 14–18% in static cultures
Lapteva [65] - 2014	G-rex	No difference		9	Fewer CD3+ T and a higher CD56 + CD3- NK cells in reactor culture		Potency is similar (phenotype and in cytotoxicity assays)
Meng [97] - 2018	Bags	No difference		15	Reactor improves the percentage of NK cells		There is no significant modulation of the cells’ secretome. Cytotoxicity is significantly higher for bioreactor cultures.
TIL
Sadeghi [107] - 2011	Bags	72 ± 11	228.8 ± 17.1	14	No difference in CD8+ and CD4+ percentage		No difference in Phenotype
Somerville [64] -2012	Bags	1259 ± 137	1130 ± 127	14	Lower CD8 and higher CD4 in reactor		Increased IFN-γ release to cognate peptide in reactor culture Significant phenotype differences
Donia [108] - 2014	Bags	1433 ± 887	5576 ± 1677	14	–	> 97% CD3+	–

^aFold = Harvested cells / Seeded cells