Table 3.
Clinical outcomes data by group
| Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | Group 4 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | ||||||
| n = 10 at baseline | n = 10 at baseline | n = 10 at baseline | n = 10 at baseline | ||||||
| VAS | Baseline | 4.8 | (2.1) | 3.7 | (2.0) | 4.2 | (2.9) | 3.5 | (3.0) |
| (0–10) | T2 | 1.9 | (2.6) | 1.7 | (2.3) | 1.0 | (1.6) | 1.7 | (2.3) |
| T3 | 2.6 | (3.0) | 1.2 | (2.1) | 0.7 | (1.3) | 1.2 | (2.3) | |
| T4 | 2.8 | (3.0) | 0.2 | (0.3) | 0.6 | (1.4) | 1.2 | (2.3) | |
| T6 | 4.0 | (3.6) | 3.1 | (3.0) | 2.2 | (3.1) | 1.2 | (2.3) | |
| T12 | 5.3 | (3.7) | 1.8 | (2.7) | 2.2 | (2.4) | 2.7 | (2.8) | |
| FFI-R | Baseline | 68.8 | (17.1) | 57.8 | (29.4) | 69.6 | (34.7) | 53.4 | (29.6) |
| (/270) | T2 | 45.1 | (20.9) | 45.1 | (26.2) | 37.3 | (25.8) | 37.1 | (22.9) |
| T3 | 51.1 | (37.1) | 30.1 | (11.7) | 32.4 | (22.6) | 32.6 | (23.4) | |
| T4 | 41.2 | (23.7) | 28.5 | (13.7) | 31.1 | (24.8) | 32.5 | (23.4) | |
| T6 | 54.1 | (41.9) | 34.4 | (21.9) | 46.3 | (42.4) | 31.9 | (23.6) | |
| T12 | 63.5 | (48.5) | 37.7 | (22.9) | 33.3 | (14.0) | 34.4 | (22.7) | |
| IPK’s Width | Baseline | 3.4 | (1.6) | 3.3 | (2.7) | 3.1 | (1.6) | 2.0 | (1.5) |
| (mm) | T2 | 2.8 | (0.9) | 2.1 | (1.3) | 2.8 | (2.6) | 2.1 | (0.9) |
| T3 | 2.1 | (0.9) | 1.7 | (1.5) | 2.5 | (3.4) | 1.4 | (1.4) | |
| T4 | 2.1 | (1.4) | 1.9 | (1.6) | 0.9 | (1.1) | 1.4 | (1.4) | |
| IPK’s Length | Baseline | 2.7 | (1.0) | 2.9 | (2.7) | 3.4 | (2.2) | 2.5 | (1.5) |
| (mm) | T2 | 2.7 | (1.0) | 2.1 | (1.6) | 2.8 | (2.6) | 2.1 | (1.2) |
| T3 | 2.5 | (1.1) | 1.9 | (1.4) | 3.0 | (4.1) | 1.6 | (1.6) | |
| T4 | 2.3 | (1.5) | 1.8 | (1.4) | 1.1 | (1.5) | 1.6 | (1.6) | |
| IPK’s Depth | Baseline | 1.7 | (0.7) | 1.7 | (0.8) | 1.7 | (0.6) | 1.5 | (0.9) |
| (mm) | T2 | 1.4 | (0.5) | 1.1 | (0.9) | 0.8 | (0.4) | 1.0 | (0.7) |
| T3 | 0.9 | (0.1) | 0.8 | (0.7) | 0.3 | (0.3) | 0.7 | (0.8) | |
| T4 | 1.0 | (0.7) | 0.8 | (0.6) | 0.3 | (0.4) | 0.7 | (0.8) | |
VAS Visual analog scale; FFI-R Foot Function Index-Revised; IPK Intractable Plantar Keratoma; SD Standard Deviation; mm: millimeter; T2 intervention at 4-week; T3 intervention at 8-week; T4 intervention at 12-week; T6 6-month follow-up; T12 12-month follow-up