Table 1.
Summary of included studies
| Author, year | Country | Study design | Interventions, No. of patients | Mean age, SD or range (BS vs. control) | Sex, male (BS vs. control) | Study duration | Main findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ahn et al. 2018 [21] | Korea | RCT | SB (n=25) vs. placebo (n=25) | 65.5 (16.4)/64.1 (15.4) | 18/21 | January–December 2015 | No difference between SB and placebo in sustained ROSC and survival |
| Chen et al. 2018 [23] | Taiwan | Population-based cohort study | SB (n=1885) vs. control (n=3704) | Older than 18 years | 1140/2379 | 1997–2012 | Positive association between SB and survival |
| Kawano et al. 2017 [24] | Columbia | Population-based observational study | SB (n=5165) vs. control (n=8700) | 65 (52–77)/68 (56–80) | 3682/5779 | 2005–2016 | SB had less survival |
| Chung et al. 2015 [25] | China | Retrospective observational study | SB (n=74) vs. control (n=415) | 65.9 (22.7)/72.8 (19.9) | 52/237 | March–December 2013 | SB had a higher percentage of ROSC and survival |
| Weng et al. 2013 [26] | Taiwan | Retrospective cohort | SB (n=30) vs. control (n=62) | 65/70.5 | 19/47 | January 1–December 2009 | SB did not improve rate of ROSC in prolonged (> 15 min) cardiac arrest |
| Vukmir and Katz 2006 [15] | USA | RCT | SB (n=420) vs. control (n=372) | 67.37 (15.29)/67.16 (14.96) | 1994–1998 | Overall survival 13.9% (110/792), no difference between groups | |
| Dybvik et al. 1995 [14] | Norway | RCT | SB (n=245) vs. saline (n=257) | 236/266 | - | 1987–1994 | SB therapy had no effect on outcome |
| Stiell et al. 1995 [28] | Canada | Observational cohort study | BS vs. atropine, Ca, lidocaine, bretylium, procainamide, n=529 | 19 to 98 | - | 2 years | Logistic regression did not show association between SB and survival |
| Aufderheide et al. 1992 [16] | USA | Retrospective chart review | SB (n=215) vs. No SB (n=58) | 67 (13)/65 (12) | 143/39 | 1982—1984. | No association between SB and survival |
| Weaver et al. 1990 [22] | USA | RCT | SB (n= 224), lidocaine (n=106), epi (n=93) | 65.6 (12.6)/67.5 (13.2)/66.3 (1.3) | 177/89/77 | 1983–1985 | Higher survival with SB infusion |
| Kim et al. 2016 [13] | Korea | Observational study | SB (n=771) | 68 (52–77) | 375 | 2008–2013 | SB was associated with increased ROSC. |
| Bar-Joseph et al. 2005 [12] | USA | Retrospective study | SB (n=2122) | - | - | 1990—1992 | Earlier and more frequent use of SB associated with higher ROSC |
| Bar-Joseph et al. 2002 [27] | USA | Retrospective study | SB (n=2915) | - | 1955 | 1990–1992. | SB given in 54% of cases, use increased with ACLS duration |
| Delooz and Lewi 1989 [29] | Belgium | Retrospective data analysis | SB | - | - | - | SB > 1 mEq/kg associated with poor outcome |
RCT randomized controlled trial, SB sodium bicarbonate, ROSC return of spontaneous circulation, CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation, ACLS advanced cardiac life support