| Dog |
Metformin |
The frozen sperm preserved viability without altering the integrity of the membrane or the acrosome reaction. |
Grandhaye et al. [53] |
| Dog |
Sucrose and/or trehalose |
Non-permeable cryoprotectants |
Yamashiro et al. [62]; Caturla-Sánchez et al. [56] |
| Dog |
Curcumin |
Preserves sperm from reactive oxygen stress and increases NOX5 gene expression. |
Aparnak and Saberivand [59] |
| Dog |
Glycerol, milk, and egg yolk |
Cryoprotectants |
Gharajelar et al. [60] |
| Dog |
Soy lecithin and sucrose |
Ameliorate sperm motility, sperm tail membrane integrity, and DNA integrity |
Zakošek Pipan et al. [63] |
| Dog |
Myoinositol |
Enhances sperm motility and sperm tail, membrane integrity |
Bevilacqua et al. [65]; Qamar et al. [64] |
| Dog |
SOD, CAT e GPx |
Preservation of semen quality |
Del Prete et al. [86] |
