| Horse |
Nitric oxide |
Ensures the spermatozoa motility in cryopreserved equine sperm |
de Andrade et al. [82] |
| Horse |
Lipid and protein peroxidation in semen and seminal plasma |
Lipid and protein peroxidation on breeding season markers for subfertile stallions |
Morte et al. [83] |
| Horse |
Exogenous antioxidants |
Ensures spermatozoa ability to withstand the effects of OS |
Contri et al. [85] |
| Horse |
Lepidium meyenii (Maca) |
Prevents oxidative damages and stabilizes semen quality |
Del Prete et al. [86] |
| Horse |
Glucosinolates and macamides present in Maca |
Fertility enhancing properties |
Tafuri et al. [88] |
| Horse |
Coenzyme Q10 with the a-tocopherol |
Maintenance of plasma membrane integrity and functionality |
Turunen et al. [89] |
| Horse |
a-tocopherol into the semen extender |
Beneficial effects to equine semen parameters |
Franco et al. [90] |
| Horse |
Q10 and the a-tocopherol to the semen cooling extender |
Increase the levels of total motility and reducing lipid peroxidation of cooled semen |
Nogueira et al. [91] |
| Horse |
Caseinate and lactoferrin to equine semen cooling extenders |
Beneficial effect on sperm motility and membrane integrity of cooled semen |
Martins et al. [92] |