Figure 2.

Sex-specific responses of circulating CD8⁺ T cells in individuals with COVID-19

(A) UMAP of samples stratified by sex and severity rank as shown in Figure 1F.

(B) Frequencies of CD161^hi cells between females and males at each rank group.

(C) Linear regression of CD161^hi cells with severity rank between sexes. Dashed lines indicate 95% confidence intervals. Regression models with p values are shown for each sex.

(D) UMAP of samples stratified by sex and time after symptom onset (early, ≤14 days; middle, >15 days and ≤21 days; late, >22 days).

(E) Frequencies of CD161^hi and memory CD8⁺ T cells between sexes and time points.

(F) Sex-specific changes of CD161^hi cells frequencies shown in (E).

(G) Frequencies of CD161^hi and memory CD8⁺ T cells in samples from subjects with confirmed COVID-19 pre- and post-seroconversion.

Data were plotted as mean ± standard error (B and E–G). Significance was determined by Mann-Whitney test (B, E, and G) and Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn’s test (F): ∗p < 0.05. See also Figure S2.