. 2021 Apr 9;14:1547–1555. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S294408

Table 3.

Associations between quartiles of TyG index and various stages of DR after controlling for confounding factors

		Mild NPDR		Moderate NPDR		VTDR		Any DR
		OR (95% CI)	P	OR (95% CI)	P	OR (95% CI)	P	OR (95% CI)	P
Model 1	TyG Q1	1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00
	TyG Q2	1.08 (0.80–1.45)	0.612	1.08 (0.61–1.90)	0.788	1.10 (0.59–2.05)	0.766	1.08 (0.83–1.41)	0.549
	TyG Q3	1.07 (0.80–1.44)	0.648	0.67 (0.36–1.27)	0.222	0.90 (0.47–1.72)	0.741	0.99 (0.76–1.29)	0.921
	TyG Q4	0.82 (0.60–1.11)	0.201	0.68 (0.37–1.28)	0.231	0.14 (0.04–0.47)	0.002	0.71 (0.54–0.94)	0.016
		Ptrend=0.178		P_trend=0.118		P_trend=0.001		P_trend=0.010
Model 2	TyG Q1	1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00
	TyG Q2	1.03 (0.76–1.39)	0.874	1.07 (0.60–1.91)	0.825	1.06 (0.56–1.99)	0.866	1.03 (0.79–1.35)	0.808
	TyG Q3	1.01 (0.74–1.37)	0.957	0.76 (0.39–1.47)	0.410	0.88 (0.45–1.72)	0.697	0.95 (0.72–1.25)	0.723
	TyG Q4	0.73 (0.53–1.01)	0.060	0.85 (0.43–1.68)	0.634	0.13 (0.04–0.49)	0.001	0.66 (0.49–0.89)	0.007
		P_trend=0.057		P_trend=0.465		P_trend=0.001		P_trend=0.005
Model 3	TyG Q1	1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00
	TyG Q2	1.03 (0.76–1.40)	0.847	1.02 (0.57–1.83)	0.949	1.07 (0.56–2.01)	0.845	1.03 (0.79–1.35)	0.829
	TyG Q3	1.02 (0.75–1.39)	0.910	0.72 (0.37–1.40)	0.331	0.89 (0.45–1.76)	0.734	0.95 (0.72–1.25)	0.698
	TyG Q4	0.74 (0.53–1.05)	0.089	0.77 (0.38–1.54)	0.453	0.14 (0.04–0.48)	0.002	0.66 (0.48–0.89)	0.007
		P_trend=0.088		P_trend=0.321		P_trend=0.002		P_trend=0.006

Notes: Model 1 adjusted for age and sex; model 2 adjusted for age, sex, duration of diabetes, use of antidiabetic agents, HR, SBP, PP, height, weight, BMI, and HbA_1c; model 3 adjusted for age, sex, duration of diabetes, use of antidiabetic agents, HR, SBP, PP, height, weight, BMI, HbA_1c, and TC.

Abbreviations: TyG, triglyceride–glucose; DR, diabetic retinopathy; NPDR, nonproliferative DR; VTDR, vision-threatening DR.