Table 1.

Preclinical oncolytic virotherapy studies in thoracic malignancies

Virus	Viral designs	Studies by cancer type	Sample descriptions
Herpes simplex virus	AP27i145 HSV-1 (32,33);NV106677	Preclinical: NSCLC56, gastric, esophageal cancer 77	(1) The combination of radiotherapy and AP27i145 infection was significantly more potent in killing NSCLC than each therapy alone. (2) NV1066 was tested in subcutaneous and intraperitoneal xenograft models; effective viral replication and oncolysis were evident in vitro (MOI, 0.1; an estimated 3500- ± 630-fold increase in viral production) and in vivo (a 73–77% decrease in tumor burden in the viral treated group vs phosphate buffered saline (PBS))
Vaccinia virus	VV.mIFNβ63, vvDD-IL2-RG, vvDD(67)	Preclinical: NSCLC44	VV.mIFNβ was able to slow tumor growth significantly in both models. VV.mIFNβ slowed tumor growth by ~ 40% (p < 0.05) after both systemic and intratumoral administration
Measles virus	MV-GFP81	Preclinical: MPE81	Intrapleural administration of 1.5 × 106 PFU total dose of MV significantly improved median survival by approximately 80% vs the control animal group
Adenovirus	H101;Ad-Gfp72; Ad.p5351	Preclinical: NSCLC72; esophageal cancer71,76	(1) Intratumorally injected H101 virus suppressed growth of XWLC-05 (lung adenocarcinoma) in mouse models. (2) H101 for esophageal cancer yielded a 27% increase in overall response rates vs fluorouracil plus cisplatin-based chemotherapy alone(3)

HSV, herpes simplex virus; NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; PBS, phosphate buffered saline; VV, vaccinia virus; IFN, interferon; DD, double deletion; IL, interleukin; RG, rigid linker; MPE, malignant pleural effusion; PFU, plaque-forming unit; MV, measles virus; H101, Oncorine