Table 1.
Animal model studies used in locus coeruleus research
| References in order of appearance | Model(s) | Species | LC Lesion type | Section(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heneka et al. 2003 [59] | Control | Rat | DSP-4 | Neuroanatomy and function of the locus coeruleus |
| Heneka et al. 2006 [61] | APP23 | Mouse | DSP-4 | Locus coeruleus atrophy in Alzheimer’s disease |
| Kalinin et al, 2007 [67] | APP V717F | Mouse | DSP-4 | Locus coeruleus atrophy in Alzheimer’s disease |
| Kelly et al. 2019 [72] | Tg344-19 | Rat | DBH-sap | Locus coeruleus atrophy in Alzheimer’s disease |
| Hammerschmidt et al. 2013 [56] | APP/PS1 | Mouse | DBH−/− | Locus coeruleus atrophy in Alzheimer’s disease; l-DOPS (droxidopa) |
| Chalermpalanupap et al. 2018 [19] | Tau P301S | Mouse | DSP-4 | Locus coeruleus atrophy in Alzheimer’s disease |
| Heneka et al. 2002 [58] | Control | Rat | DSP-4 | Locus coeruleus atrophy in Alzheimer’s disease |
| Heneka et al. 2010 [60] | APP V717I & APP/PS1 | Mouse | DSP-4 | Locus coeruleus atrophy in Alzheimer’s disease |
| Kang et al. 2020 [69] | Tau P301S & MAPT/AEP−/− | Mouse | DBH−/− | Neuronal vulnerability in the locus coeruleus |
| Castren et al. 1995 [18] | Control | Rat | None | The role of locus coeruleus in neuroprotection |
| Fawcett et al. 1998 [39] | DBH–BDNF | Mouse | None | The role of locus coeruleus in neuroprotection |
| Mastsunaga et al. 2004 [97] | Control | Rat | None | The role of locus coeruleus in neuroprotection |
| Nakai et al. 2006 [114] | Control | Rat | None | The role of locus coeruleus in neuroprotection |
| Ádori et al. 2015 [1] | SSTR2−/− | Mouse | None | The role of somatostatin in neuroprotection |
| O'Meara et al. 2000 [115] | GAL−/− | Mouse | None | Neuropeptides expressed by the locus coeruleus exhibit neuroprotective effects |
| Elliott-Hunt et al. 2004 [33] | GAL−/− & GAL overexpression | Mouse | None | Neuropeptides expressed by the locus coeruleus exhibit neuroprotective effects |
| Kalinin et al. 2012 [68] | 5xFAD | Mouse | None | l-DOPS (droxidopa) |
| Devi et al. 2012 [28]; Zhang et al. 2014 [171] | 5xFAD | Mouse | None | 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone |
| Takeda et al. 1984 [150] | Control | Mouse | None | Vindeburnol |
| Labatut et al. 1988 [77] | Control | Rat | None | Vindeburnol |
| Braun et al. 2014 [13] | 5xFAD | Mouse | None | Vindeburnol |
| Wang et al. 2010 [166]; Sun et al. 2012 [144] | 3xTgAD | Mouse | None | Allopregnanolone |
| Torres-Sanchez et al. 2018 [158] | Control | Rat | None | Brain stimulation technologies |
| Follesa et al. 2007 [42] | Control | Rat | None | Brain stimulation technologies |
| Rorabaugh et al. 2017 [129] | TgF344-AD | Rat | None | Brain stimulation technologies |
LC locus coeruleus, DSP-4 N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-bromo-benzylamine, APP amyloid precursor protein, PS1 presenilin-1, DBH dopamine β-hydroxylase, BDNF brain-derived neurotrophic factor, SSTR2 Somatostatin Receptor 2 gene, GAL galanin gene, MAPT tau gene, AEP Asparagine endopeptidase