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. 2021 Apr 13;7:36. doi: 10.1038/s41531-021-00180-z

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — Differential expression of genes between Parkinson disease (PD) and healthy control (HC) subjects were visualized with volcano plots in females (a) and males (b). A q-value threshold of 0.1 and a fold-change (FC) threshold of 2 (log2 FC of 1) was applied to visualization. Each individual dot represents a single gene; black dots represent genes with a non-significant q-value and |log2 FC | < 1, green dots represent genes with a non-significant q-value and |log2 FC | > 1, blue dots represent genes with a significant q-value and |log2 FC | < 1, and red dots represent genes with a significant q-value and |log2 FC | > 1. Select genes are labeled in each plot. Note that while CCL4 is both significant and has a large fold change (q-value < 0.0001, FC = −3.7) in the females, it is located outside the plotting region of the female volcano plot.