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. 2021 Apr 13;7:78. doi: 10.1038/s41420-021-00462-8

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 6 — A Western blot analysis and RT-qPCR to show the GDF15 expression in AsPC-1 and HPAC cells infected with pcDNA3.1 or GDF15 plasmid. GAPDH served as an internal reference. Data presented as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments, ***p < 0.001, one-way ANOVA. B–F AsPC-1 and HPAC cells infected with pcDNA3.1 or GDF15 plasmid were harvested for MTS assay (B, n = 5), colony formation assay (C, D), and transwell invasion assay (E, F). Each bar represents the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. ***p < 0.001, one-way ANOVA. G Western blot analysis and RT-qPCR to show the GDF15 expression in AsPC-1 and HPAC cells infected with shControl or shGDF15. GAPDH served as an internal reference. Data presented as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments, ***p < 0.001, unpaired t test. H–J AsPC-1 and HPAC cells infected with shControl or shGDF15 were harvested for MTS assay (H, n = 5), colony formation assay (I), and transwell invasion assay (J), scale bars: 100 μm. Each bar represents the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. ***p < 0.001, unpaired t test. K–M AsPC-1 cells infected with pcDNA3.1, NR5A2, or NR5A2 + shGDF15 were harvested for colony formation assay (K), MTS assay (L, n = 5), Invasion assay (M) and wound healing assay (N), scale bars: 100 μm. Each bar represents the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. ***p < 0.001, one-way ANOVA.