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The conventional model of the placebo response in randomized, placebo-controlled trials (RCT): It is assumed that in the drug arm of the RCT, the placebo response is equal to its size in the placebo arm. In both, the effects of the spontaneous course of symptoms, methodological effects such as the “regression to the mean,” and responses biases contribute to its size, in addition to the placebo effect, which is the individual response of a patient towards placebo provision.
