Figure 4.

Photochemical and non-photochemical energy dissipation pathways were preserved on coffee plants inoculated with Hemileia vastatrix but treated with Calonectria hemileiae or fungicide mixture.

Maximal photosystem II quantum yield (F_v/F_m) (A), photochemical yield of photosystem II (Φ_PSII) (B) quenching non-photochemical (q_N) (C) and electron transport rate (ETR) (D) on leaves of coffee plants at 20, 28, 36, 42, and 50 days after inoculation with H. vastatrix. The treatments used were: plants sprayed with C. hemileiae before at 72 h (Ch/72Hv) and simultaneously with H. vastatrix (Ch/Hv). The Ch and Hv treatments were considered as controls for antagonist and pathogen, respectively. Trifloxystrobin + tebuconazol was used as the fungicide treatment. Coffee plants sprayed with sterile distilled water (Control). Treatments means with the same letters are not significantly different (p ≤ 0.05) as determined by Tukey's test. Bars represent the standard deviations of the means. n = 5.