Table 3.

PICC characteristics of participants.

Characteristics	Categories	Experimental group(n = 64)	Control group(n = 65)	P
Arm for PICC placement	Left	11 (17.2)	8 (12.3)	0.434
	Right	53 (82.8)	57 (87.7)
Vein for puncture	Basilic	47 (73.4)	51 (78.5)	0.82
	Brachial	10 (15.6)	13 (20.0)
	Axillary	7 (10.9)	1 (1.5)
Basal upper-arm circumference, cm		27.258 ± 3.330	26.623 ± 2.330	0.211
Upper arm length, cm		21.961 ± 1.429	21.746 ± 1.335	0.379
Vein diameter, cm	At exit site	0.40 (0.15–0.80)	0.50 (0.20–0.70)	0.160
	At puncture site	0.50 (0.30–1.00)	0.50 (0.20–0.70)	0.001
Vein depth, cm	At exit site	0.725 (0.25–2.00)	0.60 (0.20–2.00)	0.101
	At puncture site	0.70 (0.25–1.50)	0.60 (0.20–2.00)	0.297
Distance from puncture site to cubital crease, cm		14.739 ± 1.528	9.415 ± 1.304	<0.001
Insertion length, cm		34.44 ± 3.162	38.72 ± 3.075	<0.001
Exposure length, cm		4.00 (0.00–17.00)	4.00 (1.00–6.00)	0.644
Amount of bleeding, mL		2.32 (0.15–8.37)	1.42 (0.11–7.84)	0.060
Duration of placement, minutes		10.51 (5.57–20.00)	6.43 (3.97–53.13)	<0.001
Tip position	T6	16 (25.0)	12 (18.5)	0.570
	T7	31 (48.4)	37 (56.9)
	T8	17 (26.6)	16 (24.6)
Cannulation duration, days		88.0 (8.0–191.0)	72.0 (15.0–192.0)	0.993

Data are presented as n (%), mean ± standard deviation, or median (interquartile range).

PICC, peripherally inserted central catheter.