Fig. 10.

Schematic illustration of the effects of the dual-acting D2/D3 agonist and iron chelating ligand, D-607, and its multiple molecular targets in neurons affected by PD [532,533]. These include its ability to: (1) act as a D2/D3 receptor agonist; (2) bind Fe⁺² and inhibit redox cycling that would prevent glutathione (GSH) depletion and lipid peroxidation; (3) bind iron and prevent the prolyl hydroxylase mediated degradation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α); and (4) prevent α-synuclein aggregation as iron-depletion decreases α-synuclein expression [392,393] and may prevent fibrilization of this protein [535].