Table 3.

Neonatal outcomes. Values are numbers (percentages) unless stated otherwise

Neonatal outcomes	Study population		Relative risk (95% CI)	P value
	Discontinued (n=607)	Continued (n=591)
Perinatal death:
Stillbirth	0	0	-	-
Within 7 days postpartum	1 (0.2)	0	-	-
Fetal heart rate abnormalities during labour*:
Before intervention	103/603 (17.1)	90/584 (15.4)	1.11 (0.86 to 1.44)	0.44
During intervention	153/548 (27.9)	219/537 (40.8)	0.68 (0.57 to 0.81)	<0.001
Apgar score at 5 min:
<4	0	0	-	-
4-7	6 (1.0)	4 (0.7)	1.46 (0.45 to 5.24)	0.55
Umbilical cord arterial pH:	(n=536)	(n=506)
<7.00	3 (0.5)	0	-	-
7.00-7.10	39 (6.4)	40 (6.8)	0.95 (0.62 to 1.45)	0.81
CPAP treatment 24 h postpartum	84/607 (13.8)	72/589 12.2)	1.13 (0.84 to 1.52)	0.41
Intubation 24 h postpartum	1 (0.2)	1 (0.2)	0.97 (0.61 to 15.5)	0.98
NICU admission	53 (8.7)	52 (8.8)	0.99 (0.69 to 1.43)	0.96
Diagnosis during NICU admission:
Respiratory distress	19 (3.1)	21 (3.6)	-	-
Infection	10 (1.6)	6 (1.0)	-	-
Neonatal asphyxia	1 (0.2)	1 (0.2)	-	-
Neonatal seizure	1 (0.2)	1 (0.2)	-	-
Birth trauma†	1 (0.2)	2 (0.3)	-	-
Hyperbilirubinaemia	2 (0.3)	2 (0.3)	-	-
Hypoglycaemia	4 (0.7)	0	-	-
Other‡	12 (2.0)	14 (2.4)	-	-
Unknown	3 (0.5)	5 (0.8)	-	-
Treated for hyperbilirubinemia during admission	31 (5.1)	31 (5.2)	0.98 (0.60 to 1.59)	0.94

CPAP=continuous positive airway pressure; NICU=neonatal intensive care unit.

Number of missing data: Fetal heart rate abnormalities prior to intervention=11, Fetal heart rate abnormalities during intervention=113, umbilical cord arterial pH=156, CPAP treatment=2, treated for hyperbilirubinemia=23.

^*Classification by FIGO 1985.²⁵

^†Cephalohaematoma and/or subgaleal haematoma.

^‡Low birth weight, congenital malformations, dehydration, or suspected infection.