Table 1.

Summary information for the prioritized Climate-Smart Agricultural practices studied.

Practice	Description
Minimum tillage	The reduction in the frequency of tilling the land to minimise the interruption of the soil surface, and is sometimes achieved by reducing the use of machines such as tractor or plough on farms
Supplemental feeding	Refers to the extra feeding of animals with residues from agriculture and waste from food industries and sometimes with residues from agriculture and food industry
Crop rotation	Can be described as the growing of crops that are of different species (i.e., cereal, legumes, vegetables etc.) on the same plot of land on different seasons sequentially (i.e., one following each other by seasons). It is aimed at inhibiting the build-up of pest and diseases and also improving soil structure and quality.
Improved livestock housing	Can be described as the construction of animals shelters so that they are not exposed to all the extreme (warm or cold) weather conditions during the day and at night. It allows kraaling of manure
Improved varieties	The use of hybrid seed instead of local or recycled seeds. The usage of other inputs such as fertilizer, labour and management remains unchanged
Mixed cropping	Growing of different (different varieties and/or species) crops in the same season together in a given plot. It is sometimes practised to increase efficiency. For example, when legume is intercropped with maize. The maize benefit from the fixed nitrogen.
Integrated nutrient management	Are activities that farmers implement on their farms to deliberately improve the soil productivity through for example reduction in soil erosion through mulching, soil bund, contour, agroforestry etc.