. 2021 Apr 13;17:158. doi: 10.1186/s12917-021-02869-y

Table 2.

Effect of Arthrospira platensis, individually or combined with exogenous CAZymes, on plasma metabolites of piglets

	Diets
	Control	AP	AP + R	AP + L	SEM	p-value
Plasma metabolites
Total lipids (mg/L)1	3227^a	3557^b	3352^ab	3466^ab	69.0	0.011
TAG (mg/L)	433.3^ab	496.7^b	352.2^a	524.0^b	27.0	< 0.001
Total cholesterol (mg/L)	646.7^a	780.0^b	750.0^ab	721.0^ab	28.9	< 0.001
HDL-cholesterol (mg/L)	291.1^a	337.8^bc	358.9^c	315.0^ab	9.98	< 0.001
LDL-cholesterol (mg/L)	375.5^a	466.7^b	393.3^a	417.0^ab	18.4	0.009
VLDL-cholesterol (mg/L)2	86.7^ab	99.3^b	70.4^a	104.8^b	5.40	< 0.001
Total cholesterol/HDL-C	2.24^ab	2.31^b	2.08^a	2.29^ab	0.059	0.033
Glucose (mg/L)	1228^a	1358^b	1278^ab	1525^c	298	< 0.001
Urea (mg/L)	153.3	167.8	164.4	182.0	7.32	0.058
Creatinine (mg/L)	8.77^ab	8.52^a	9.41^bc	9.08^c	0.100	< 0.001
Total protein (g/L)	50.8^b	44.0^a	48.9^b	50.1^b	5.03	< 0.001
Plasma hepatic markers
ALT (U/L)	36.0^a	47.2^b	58.9^c	47.0^b	1.21	< 0.001
AST (U/L)	40.4^a	59.2^ab	63.9^bc	81.8^c	5.08	< 0.001
ALP (U/L)	194.9^a	213.4^a	241.2^b	266.6^b	7.19	< 0.001
GGT (U/L)	42.2^b	24.2^a	23.4^a	27.9^a	1.47	< 0.001
Immunoglobulins
IgA (mg/L)	23.3	26.7	24.4	25.0	2.23	0.761
IgG (mg/L)	1899^b	2003^b	1921^b	1400^a	95.4	< 0.001
IgM (mg/L)	484.4^b	578.9^c	336.7^a	458.0^b	14.6	< 0.001

Dietary treatments: cereal and soybean meal-based diet (control); basal diet with 10% of Arthrospira platensis (AP); basal diet with 10% of Arthrospira platensis supplemented with 0.005% of Rovabio^® (AP + R); basal diet with 10% of Arthrospira platensis supplemented with 0.01% of lysozyme (AP + L). ^a,b,cMean values within a row with unlike superscript letters are significantly different (p < 0·05)

ALT, alanine aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.2); AST, aspartate aminotransferase (E.C. 2.6.1.1); ALP, alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1); GGT, gamma-glutamyltransferase (EC 2.3.2.13)

¹Total lipids = [total cholesterol] × 1.12 + [TAG] × 1.33 + 148

²VLDL-cholesterol = 1/5 [TAG]