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. 2021 Apr 13;21:149. doi: 10.1186/s12905-021-01286-5

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 2 — a The excess of Intimate Partner Violence prevalence among women in rural areas, compared to women in urban areas, by region of Africa. The dotted vertical line represents the pooled risk ratio, with its 95% confidence interval. The solid vertical line at the value of 1 represents no difference in IPV rates between the types of residence. b The excess of Intimate Partner Violence prevalence among women with less than a secondary education, compared to women with at least a secondary school education, by region of Africa. The dotted vertical line represents the pooled risk ratio, with its 95% confidence interval. The solid vertical line at the value of 1 represents no difference in IPV rates between the education levels

Fig. 2 — a The excess of Intimate Partner Violence prevalence among women in rural areas, compared to women in urban areas, by region of Africa. The dotted vertical line represents the pooled risk ratio, with its 95% confidence interval. The solid vertical line at the value of 1 represents no difference in IPV rates between the types of residence. b The excess of Intimate Partner Violence prevalence among women with less than a secondary education, compared to women with at least a secondary school education, by region of Africa. The dotted vertical line represents the pooled risk ratio, with its 95% confidence interval. The solid vertical line at the value of 1 represents no difference in IPV rates between the education levels