Table 3.
Serum hormonal and biochemical parameters of the PCOS group
| Mean | Median | Min | Max | SD | Reference value | No. of subjects with abnormal values | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FSH (mlU/ml) | 4.94 | 5.18 | 1.32 | 9.42 | 2.01 | 3.5—12.5* | 9↓ |
| LH (mlU/ml) | 11.43 | 8.43 | 0.20 | 27.73 | 7.64 | 2.4—12.6* | 12↑, 3↓ |
| LH/FSH | 2.38 | 2.19 | 0.15 | 8.54 | 1.71 | ≤ 2 [22] | 15↑ |
| estradiol (pg/ml) | 66.84 | 45.44 | 12.55 | 236.40 | 56.71 | 12.5–166* (folicular phase) | 4↑ |
| TT (ng/dl) | 53 | 49 | 6 | 118 | 20 | < 51 [23] | 14↑ |
| SHBG (nmol/l) | 56.86 | 47.55 | 20.21 | 176.10 | 33.21 | 26.1–110* | 5 ↓ 1↑ |
| FAI | 4.32 | 3.60 | 0.64 | 12.00 | 2.99 | ≤ 4.4 [21] | 10 ↑ |
| DHEA-S (µmol/l) | 6.96 | 5.94 | 2.17 | 12.14 | 2.81 | 1.77–9.99 * | 7↑ |
| cortisol (morning sample) (nmol/l) | 395.40 | 431.70 | 105.10 | 575.00 | 121.57 | 166–507* | 2↓ 6↑ |
| cortisol (evening sample) (nmol/l) | 80.21 | 56.95 | 15.37 | 300.70 | 70.24 | 74–291* | 17↓1↑ |
| fasting glucose (mg/dl) | 87.77 | 87.40 | 78.80 | 99.00 | 5.22 | 60–99* | 0↑ |
| fasting insulin (mU/ml) | 14.55 | 14.76 | 3.78 | 31.51 | 6.37 | 2.6–24.9* | 2↑ |
| HOMA-IR | 3.17 | 3.20 | 0.34 | 7.05 | 1.51 | < 2.32 [20] | 23↑ |
| TC (mg/dl) | 156.91 | 157.70 | 120.50 | 208.10 | 24.09 | < 190* | 3↑ |
| HDL-C (mg/dl) | 54.82 | 55.60 | 38.90 | 73.20 | 8.65 | ≥ 45* | 2↓ |
| LDL-C (mg/dl) | 83.51 | 79.50 | 44.30 | 130.60 | 20.71 | < 115* | 3↑ |
| TG (mg/dl) | 92.92 | 84.50 | 46.70 | 201.90 | 37.46 | < 150* | 3↑ |
FSH, follicle-stimulating hormone; LH, luteinizing hormone; IU, international units; TT, total testosterone; FAI, free androgen index; SHGB, sex hormone-binding globulin; DHEA-S, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate; HOMA-IR, Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance; TC, total cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglycerides
*According to the hospital age- and sex-specific laboratory reference ranges, ↑above, ↓below the reference values