Table 3.
Association of Health literacy with demographics, clinical characteristics and medication adherence in IHD patients
| Characteristics | Health literacy | Binary logistic | p values | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adequate, n = 75 | Inadequate, n = 176 | OR (CI) | ||
| Age | ||||
| < 65 (reference) | 58 | 128 | 0.8 (0.33–2.1) | 0.708 |
| > 65 | 17 | 48 | ||
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 59 | 98 | 1.3 (0.54–2.9) | 0.59 |
| Female (reference) | 16 | 78 | ||
| Area of residence | ||||
| Urban (reference) | 67 | 154 | 1.18 (0.27–4.1) | 0.962 |
| Rural | 8 | 22 | ||
| Education | ||||
| No—primary (reference) | 19 | 160 | 19.3 (8.3–45.1) | 0.0001** |
| Secondary—higher | 56 | 16 | ||
| Employment status | ||||
| Employed | 27 | 34 | 1.94 (0.82–4.6) | 0.132 |
| Unemployed (reference) | 48 | 142 | ||
| Socioeconomic status | ||||
| Lower (reference) | 8 | 4 | ||
| Middle | 38 | 25 | 2 (0.35–11.8) | 0.43 |
| Upper | 31 | 147 | 2.1 (0.83–5.3) | 0.113 |
| Time since first episode (years) | ||||
| ≤ 5 (reference) | 57 | 135 | 1.2 (0.58–2.3) | 0.69 |
| > 5 | 18 | 41 | ||
| History of re-vascularization | ||||
| Yes (reference) | 38 | 43 | 0.28 (0.15–0.51) | 0.0001** |
| No | 37 | 133 | ||
| Type of ischemic condition | ||||
| Angina | 17 | 35 | 1.61 (0.78–3.3) | 0.198 |
| Myocardial infarction (reference) | 58 | 141 | ||
| No. of CVD risk factors | ||||
| 0–1 (reference) | 24 | 58 | 2.1 (0.81–5.78) | 0.101 |
| 2 | 28 | 57 | 1.3 (0.48–3.6) | 0.534 |
| ≥ 3 | 23 | 61 | ||
| Medication adherence | ||||
| Adherent | 63 | 136 | 4.3 (1.34–13.7) | 0.014* |
| Non-adherent (reference) | 12 | 40 | ||
OR odds ratio, CVD cardiovascular disease, CI confidence interval
*p ≤ 0.05–0.002; **≤ 0.001–0.0001