Table 1.
Patient characteristics. Data are presented as number, mean and standard deviation, or median and interquartile range. SUVmax indicates the standardized uptake value (SUV) of the dominant adrenal and SUVmax-ratio indicates the ratio between the dominant and non-dominant adrenal gland in 11C-metomidate positron emission CT. Follow-up data were evaluated about 3 months after adrenalectomy or at a follow-up visit after intensification of the medical therapy.
| All subjects | Medical therapy baseline | Medical therapy follow-up | Adrenalectomy baseline | After adrenalectomy follow-up | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number (male/female) | 55 (40/15) | 21 (17/4) | – | 34 (23/11) | – |
| Age (years) | 54.7 ± 8.5 | 55.2 ± 7.8 | – | 54.3 ± 9.0 | – |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30.5 ± 5.3 | 31.1 ± 5.0 | – | 30.2 ± 5.6 | – |
| Systolic BP (mmHG) | 154 ± 19 | 153 ± 22 | 139 ± 13 | 155 ± 18 | 133 ± 12*** |
| Diastolic BP (mmHG) | 94 ± 10 | 95 ± 10 | 88 ± 10 | 94 ± 10 | 80 ± 8*** |
| Duration of treated hypertension (years) | 12 (7.8–25) | 22 (8.8–25) | – | 10 (5.8–16.3)* | – |
| Antihypertension medication, DDD | 4.5 (2.7–6.0) | 4.5 (2.9–6.3) | 4.3 (3.3–5.3) | 4.0 (2.5–5.8) | 2.0 (0–3.3)*** |
| Antihypertension medication (n) | 2.7 (2–6) | 3 (2–3) | 3 (2–3) | 2.5 (2–3.25) | 1 (0–2)*** |
| Serum aldosterone (pmol/L) | 685 (467–1010) | 567(421–871) | – | 765 (519–1217) | 82 (30–208)*** |
| PRA (pmol/L/min) | 0.2 (<0.2–0.2) | <0.2 (<0.2–0.2) | – | <0.2 (<0.2–0.2) | 0.6 (0.2–2.1)* |
| ARR, PRA | 2825 (1767–4701) | 2600 (1630–4007) | – | 3440 (1950–4773) | 140 (25–567)*** |
| DRC (mU/L) | 5.0 (2.5–10.1) | 8.5 (5.5–16.8) | – | 2.5 (1.7–3.2) | 10 (5–21)* |
| ARR, DRC | 117 (65–338) | 91 (34–119) | – | 338 (93–1771) | 12.3 (6.0–21.4) |
| 24 h U-aldosterone (nmol) | 60 (51–96) | 59 (50–68) | – | 70 (55–112) | 11 (8–24)* |
| Plasma potassium (mmol/L) | 2.95 ± 0.41 | 3.14 ± 0.44 | 4.35 ± 0.21 | 2.86 ± 0.38** | 4.05 ± 0.47*** |
| SUVmax (g/mL) | 23.7 ± 8.8 | 21.7 ± 12.2 | – | 25.4 ± 9.2 | – |
| SUVmax ratio | 1.49 (1–6.39) | 1.51 (1.00–6.39) | 1.48 (1–3.83) | – | |
| Lateralization index | 27.37 (1.07–159.23) | 1.95 (1.07–4.55) | 43.47 (3.00–159.23)*** | – | |
| Contralateral suppression index | 1.29 (0.02–4.21) | 2.47 (1.19–4.21) | 0.52 (0.02–1.51)*** | – |
Asterisks indicate significant differences between medical therapy vs adrenalectomy at baseline or before vs postadrenalectomy in the adrenalectomy group:
P < 0.05,
P < 0.01,
P < 0.001.
ARR, aldosterone-renin ratio; BP, blood pressure; DDD, daily defined dose; DRC, direct renin concentration; PRA, plasma renin activity; SUV, standardized uptake value.