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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Apr 14.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Geriatr Soc. 2018 Mar 30;66(4):679–686. doi: 10.1111/jgs.15236

Table 2.

Age and treatment group vs. time until first syncope, hypotension and fall SAE.

Syncope Hypotension Falls
HR (95% CI) P-value HR (95% CI) P-value HR (95% CI) P-value
Categorical Age
Model 1a
 Age <75 REF <.001 REF .36 REF <.001
 Age 75 – 84 1.85 (1.33,2.58) 1.29 (0.90,1.84) 3.95 (2.85,5.47)
 Age 85+ 2.78 (1.58,4.91) 1.27 (0.59,2.74) 12.88 (8.76,18.95)
 Standard Therapy REF .061 REF .002 REF .98
 Intensive Therapy 1.33 (0.99,1.80) 1.68 (1.22,2.33) 1.00 (0.76,1.31)
 Rx by Age Interaction .35 .72 .75
Model 2b
 Age <75 REF .002 REF .42 REF <.001
 Age 75 – 84 1.74 (1.22,2.47) 1.00 (0.68,1.47) 3.32 (2.33,4.72)
 Age 85+ 2.34 (1.27,4.33) 0.51 (0.18,1.41) 9.04 (5.81,14.07)
 Standard Therapy REF .21 REF .005 REF .73
 Intensive Therapy 1.22 (0.89,1.66) 1.63 (1.16,2.28) 0.95 (0.71,1.27)
 Rx by Age Interaction .43 .53 .45
Model 3c
 Age <75 REF .003 REF .62 REF <.001
 Age 75 – 84 1.72 (1.19,2.48) 1.00 (0.67,1.49) 3.12 (2.17,4.50)
 Age 85+ 2.32 (1.22,4.43) 0.60 (0.22,1.69) 8.44 (5.28,13.49)
 Standard Therapy REF .44 REF .011 REF .76
 Intensive Therapy 1.14 (0.82,1.56) 1.57 (1.11,2.23) 1.05 (0.77,1.42)
 Rx by Age Interaction .48 .66 .57
Continuous Age
Model 1a
 Aged 1.50 (1.28,1.76) <0.001 1.24 (1.05,1.46) 0.011 2.83 (2.41,3.3) <0.001
 Standard Therapy REF 0.050 REF 0.002 REF 0.98
 Intensive Therapy 1.34 (0.99,1.81) 1.68 (1.22,2.33) 1.00 (0.76,1.31)
 Rx by Age Interaction 0.80 0.62 0.29
Model 2b
 Aged 1.45 (1.22,1.72) <0.001 1.05 (0.87,1.26) 0.64 2.46 (2.05,2.94) <0.001
 Standard Therapy REF 0.21 REF 0.005 REF
 Intensive Therapy 1.22 (0.90,1.66) 1.63 (1.16,2.28) 0.95 (0.71,1.27) 0.74
 Rx by Age Interaction 0.72 0.90 0.091
Model 3c
 Aged 1.43 (1.19,1.72) <0.001 1.04 (0.86,1.28) 0.67 2.36 (1.96,2.85) <0.001
 Standard Therapy REF 0.44 REF 0.012 REF 0.74
 Intensive Therapy 1.13 (0.82,1.56) 1.57 (1.10,2.22) 1.05 (0.78,1.42)
 Rx by Age Interaction 0.62 0.52 0.13
a

Model 1 (N=9344) includes age, treatment group and demographic factors (sex, race and education).

b

Model 2 (N=8778) includes age, treatment group, demographic factors and health conditions (cardiovascular disease history, chronic kidney disease, BMI category, alcohol use, being frail).

c

Model 3 (N=7872) includes age, treatment group, demographic factors, health conditions and baseline measurements (systolic blood pressure, heart rate, orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, number of BP medications and use of beta blockers, diuretics, ace inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, calcium channel blockers, alpha blockers, nitrates and digoxin).

d

Age as a continuous variable. HRs for age are for each 1 SD of age (9.4 years)